1. PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER: This question about an Ebola patient refers to the r

1. PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER: This question about an Ebola patient refers to the renal
hormones we learned last week, and how the body might deploy them to address problems with
volume, osmolarity, and/or ion balance. As you tackle the situation presented, please include answers
to the following points:
A. Which regulated variable(s) are altered?
B. How are they altered? In other words, what disturbance(s) is the body facing?
C. What is the appropriate combination of renal hormones that will help with the disturbance(s)?
D. Are each of the hormones RELEASED or INHIBITED? For example, if you believe osmolarity
has been increased, you might say that Aldosterone will be inhibited, while ADH would be
released.
E. What is the pathway for release or inhibition of each hormone, beginning with the appropriate
stimuli and receptors?
F. HOW will each of the released hormones help with the disturbance(s) you have identified?
You are in Sierra Leone, working with an Ebola patient. The loss of blood due to hemorrhaging is
rather grave, but you have been able to stabilize them. How would your patient’s body compensate
for the disturbances created by severe blood loss? Please describe as many possible compensatory
mechanisms as you can, including any potential renal and cardiovascular changes. You must describe
the entire relevant pathway for each change, from stimulus/receptor to overall systemic effect. (You
do not need to describe the cellular mechanisms underlying the responses at the targets.) If your
answer for this question does not demonstrate a full faith effort by including detailed
responses to the points requested above, you will not earn full credit. Your answer must
be long to fully address the question.
2. For each of the following digestive processes, please describe what each process means, where each
process occurs, and why each process is important for the digestive system:
_x0088_ Ingestion
_x0088_ Motility
_x0088_ Mechanical Digestion
_x0088_ Chemical Digestion
_x0088_ Secretion
_x0088_ Absorption
_x0088_ Defecation
3. For each of the structures listed in the table below, please answer the following questions (if a
question does not apply to a particular structure, please note that in your response):
A. What is the function of each of the secretions listed for that structure?
_x0088_ When applicable: please be sure to note if the secretion must undergo any modifications to
become its active form!
_x0088_ If a secretion is released from multiple structures, you only need to define its function once.
B. Does mechanical digestion occur in that structure?
C. What (e.g., carbohydrate, protein, fat) is chemically digested in that structure?
D. What is absorbed in that structure?
_x0088_ Please be specific here (i.e., don’t just say “proteins”)!
E. Which of the forms of motility occur in that structure?
_x0088_ Choose from among the following options: chewing, swallowing, peristalsis, segmentation,
mass movement.