Category: Health & Medical

Select an active bill at the state or federal level that impacts the professional practice of
nursing. In a 3-4 page paper (excluding the title and reference pages), summarize the
provisions of the bill and clearly explain what the bill will accomplish. The paper should be
no more than 4 pages, typed in Times New Roman using 12-point font, and double-spaced
with 1″ margins.
Your review of a bill paper should:
 Discuss the major provisions of the bill.
 Demonstrate an in-depth understanding of the legislation by explaining the
background and all relevant facts.
 Discuss any relevant history related to the legislation, pertinent votes, and
issues that are stalling the legislation, etc.
 Use primary sources for this information.
 Identify key supporters and those who do not support the bill. Explain why
some of these individuals support the bill and why some do not.
 Explore the positions of the key stakeholders in the bill, both pros and cons. Do
not make assumptions about potential key stakeholders. Examine this area
carefully so you are correctly reflecting the stakeholders positions.
 Discuss how the bill would impact a nurse’s ability to provide safe and quality
care or to practice to the highest scope of the nursing license.
 Explain specific actions that nurses can take to assist with the passage or defeat
of the legislation
 Use Current APA Style, headings and references as appropriate.

Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are diseases of the airways and other structures of the lung. Some of the most common are chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, occupational lung diseases. Please give overview about risk factors of CRD and methods of prevention of CRD in KSA?

Annotate 4 Articles on Healthcare Planning example: Article 1- Mental Health planning at a very early stage of the COVID-19 crisis: A systematic review of Online International Strategies and Recommendations.
Reference: Almeda, N., García-Alonso, C., & Salvador-Carulla, L. (2021). Mental Health Planning at a very early stage of the COVID-19 crisis: A systematic review of Online International Strategies and Recommendations. BMC Psychiatry, 21(1).
Keywords: Included keywords are mental health, COVID-19, and questionnaire.
Paragraph 1
The article discusses how being on lockdown due to COVID-19 affected the mental health of people with mental health issues. It created negative results. The article is trying to establish, give account, and evaluate some of the ways to handle the mental issues that may arise because of the impact of COVID-19 at the beginning part of the pandemic. People that are already experiencing “anxiety and depression, fear, and distress” are aggravated by more symptoms due to being confined to their homes. The death of mental health people during the pandemic was high. The methodology that was used was a questionnaire broken down into three classifications which were “COVID-19 information, mental health strategies, and mental health recommendations”. Some of the services were videoconferences for outpatient care and home visits, online communication, and emergency room admission. There were short-term and long-term facilities. There were provisions in place for mental health people. A detailed examination was done to capture the behaviors by using a two-step cluster. The results showed relationships among the questions like “psychological tips for maintaining good mental health” and “psychological skills to help cope with anxiety and worry about COVID-19”. The results showed that statistics and graphs were important. Paragraph 2
The study was done to show what help could be given to mental health patients that were having a hard time during COVID-19 confinement at home. Patients were not only dealing with their basic symptoms but being aggravated by new ones brought on by confinement. If things got really bad for them, they could be admitted as an inpatient. This is something that most people probably never thought about unless they have a family member dealing with this illness. Healthcare professionals had to come up with innovative ways to reach and treat people during the pandemic which intensified the situation. During COVID-19, there were people that did not have a mental illness and were feeling aggravated by the confinement. Fear and distress would have settled in anyone’s mind when there is no one to talk to and your alone. Providers and managers in facilities that could not open due to COVID-19 had to think about how to provide healthcare services to their patients. The study was important in showing how mental health people were dealing with being in confinement for such a long time. We desire human contact. It also touched on the behavior during the pandemic. There was a large number of mental health people that could not deal with the symptoms and died. During the pandemic, healthcare professionals had to deal with suicides that were high, so measures were trying to be put in place to assist anyone having a crisis. Mental Health illness is very serious, so this study addressing this was important.

1 page
APA 7th edition
2 sources
Read the following case study and answer the reflective questions.
MSN 5550 Health Promotion: Prevention of Disease Case Study Module 2 Instructions: Read the following case study and answer the reflective questions. Please provide evidence-based rationales for your answers. APA, 7th ed. must be followed.
CASE STUDY: An Older Immigrant Couple: Mr. and Mrs. Arahan Mr. and Mrs. Arahan, an older couple in their seventies, have been living with their oldest daughter, her husband of 15 years, and their two children, ages 12 and 14. They all live in a middle-income neighborhood in a suburb of a metropolitan city. Mr. and Mrs. Arahan are both college educated and worked full-time while they were in their native country. In addition, Mr. Arahan, the only offspring of wealthy parents, inherited a substantial amount of money and real estate. Their daughter came to the United States as a registered nurse and met her husband, a drug company representative. The older couple moved to the United States when their daughter became a U.S. citizen and petitioned them as immigrants. Since the couple was facing retirement, they welcomed the opportunity to come to the United States. The Arahans found life in the United States different from that in their home country, but their adjustment was not as difficult because both were healthy and spoke English fluently. Most of their time was spent taking care of their two grandchildren and the house. As the grandchildren grew older, the older couple found that they had more spare time. The daughter and her husband advanced in their careers and spent a great deal more time at their jobs. There were few family dinners during the week. On weekends, the daughter, her husband, and their children socialized with their own friends. The couple began to feel isolated and longed for a more active life. Mr. and Mrs. Arahan began to think that perhaps they should return to the home country, where they still had relatives and friends. However, political and economic issues would have made it difficult for them to live there. Besides, they had become accustomed to the way of life in the United States with all the modern conveniences and abundance of goods that were difficult to obtain in their country. However, they also became concerned that they might not be able to tolerate the winter months and that minor health problems might worsen as they aged. They wondered who would take care of them if they became very frail and where they would live, knowing that their daughter had only saved money for their grandchildren’s college education. They expressed their sentiments to their daughter, who became very concerned about how her parents were feeling. This older couple had been attending church on a regular basis, but had never been active in other church-related activities. The church bulletin announced the establishment of parish nursing with two retired registered nurses as volunteers. The couple attended the first opening of the parish clinic. Here, they met one of the registered nurses, who had a short discussion with them about the services offered. The registered nurse had spent a great deal of her working years as a community health nurse. She informed Mr. and Mrs. Arahan of her availability to help them resolve any health-related issues.
Reflective Questions
1. What strategies could be suggested for this older adult couple to enhance their quality of life?
2. What community resources can they utilize?
3. What can the daughter and her family do to address the feelings of isolation of the older couple?
4. What health promotion activities can ensure a healthy lifestyle for them?

Q1 Review the intelligence theories from the Topic 5 Resources (general intelligence (IQ), crystalized and fluid intelligence, Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences, Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory, and/or Emotional Intelligence (EQ), etc.), and describe which one best describes your intelligence. Provide examples that support your answer.
Q2 Describe how the relationship between social psychology and personality helps assess individual, group, and societal behavior. b)Apply psychology principles to determine effective ways to interact with others.

Read the article below and then answer the questions at the bottom:
Beyond the naming: Institutional racism in nursing
Antonia M. VillarruelLinks to an external site., PhD, RN, FAANProfessor and Margaret Bond Simon Dean of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania
Marion E. BroomeLinks to an external site., PhD, RN, FAANRuby F Wilson Professor of Nursing and Dean and Vice-Chancellor for Nursing Affairs, School of Nursing, Duke University
Copyright and License informationLinks to an external site. DisclaimerLinks to an external site.
In these past few weeks, we have seen and witnessed two symptoms of the same disease—the killing of George Floyd by a policeman and the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on communities of color. Both are stark examples of the effects of structural racism, which refers to a system in which public policies, institutional practices, and other norms perpetuate racial group inequities, and is a feature of the social, economic, and political systems in which we live (Aspen Institute, 2016Links to an external site.). Injustices in law enforcement and health inequities are not new occurrences – nor are they rare.
Whether it be the proximity of these events to each other, the fact that we all, at some level, are being affected by COVID-19, or the inhumanity we have borne witness to in recent months – we can no longer be silent. There have been countless statements from every corner of our nation and the world naming these incidents for what they are – the results of structural racism. Make no mistake, this is a watershed moment. So many people across the country are standing up to call out these injustices, and it has been a long time coming.
Nurses, like so many others, have joined the chorus of people decrying police brutality. We have also been on the frontlines in health care systems and seen first-hand the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on communities of color. Historically, nursing has been at the forefront of advocacy, and there are many examples of how nurses have addressed, and are addressing, inequities in many aspects of our teaching, research, scholarship, and practice. Yet, there remain too many examples of structural racism throughout nursing and we must be open to continuing to examine, identify, and change these within our own profession.
Almost 20 years ago, a major finding from the landmark IOM report Unequal Treatment (2003) affirmed:
“Racial and ethnic disparities in healthcare exist and, because they are associated with worse outcomes in many cases, are unacceptable (pg 6).”While today this seems like an understatement, nearly 20 years ago this was profound. It was notable that there were very few, if any, studies conducted with and by nurses in which health care disparities were examined, and this is still true today. There are, however, efforts to address the role of nurses in dismantling structural racism in practice. Scott, Britton, & McLemore (2019Links to an external site.) provide tools to address adverse pregnancy outcomes in Black families. Guided by an ethical framework, strategies are presented to move from “mother blame” narratives to addressing social determinants of health through a life-course approach and eliminating disparities in health outcomes.
As similar work addressing structural racism are disseminated, we must also examine how nursing journals and other vehicles support or impede dissemination. Over the past year there have been several posts in The Scholarly Kitchen asking about what inclusive scholarship means. This same t applies to manuscripts from underrepresented minorities. Although no formal studies have been done in nursing journals, as an editor, I am much more aware of how challenging it is to find enough reviewers for some papers about racism in the US. Sometimes silence ‘yells’ the loudest. Conversely, I (Broome) have also read how reviewers who do accept the review are more thoughtful in their critiques of those papers. This careful approach allows the author to hear what they are saying, and, in the majority of cases, resubmit a revision that any journal would be proud to publish. But are there papers, or authors, who are not being given the same consideration in Nursing Outlook? This fall, the editorial board will be discussing at our next meeting the extent to how our practices can support racial justice.
There has also been increased attention to diversity and inclusion within education and nursing. Efforts to recruit and retain underrepresented minority students and faculty are a part of many institutions’ goals. But as Zambrana (2018)Links to an external site. asks, does inserting diversity into every discourse and discipline significantly change the social fabric of institutional policies and practices? In a comprehensive study of Black, Mexican American, Puerto Rican and American Indian/Alaska Natives tenure track or tenured assistant and associate professors at Carnegie-defined research institutions in the United States, discrimination and daily microagressions and their adverse physical and mental health were documented. As Deans we have heard similar experiences from our faculty of color, and felt their pain. The pervasiveness of these findings across elite institutions calls attention to the systems that continue to perpetuate discriminatory behavior towards faculty of color, and limits access to decision-making and resources. Zambrana’s research was the basis for the landmark summit, Changing the National Conversation: Inclusion and Equity (Zambrana, Allen, Higginbottom, Mitchell, Perez, & Villarruel (2020)Links to an external site.), in which over 100 college and university presidents and provosts attended, resulting in the identification of institutional transformation strategies to promote a more diverse and inclusive environment.
Another important question for nursing education is what are the hidden curricula messages within our schools that speak to our students—both those of color and those who are not? What weight, and how much, we give to certain content and clinical experiences speaks volumes of what faculty consider really important. What are the processes within our curricula that reinforce racism, or discounts racism and structural racism as an important factor in how they and their patients are treated? What messages are we giving them about the responsibility of nurses to actively engage in dismantling racism within our own profession?
Go to:Links to an external site.
Next steps
Calling out racism is an important step, but it is not enough—there is much more work to be done. How do we each lead within our own organizations to examine, call out, and change policies, practices, and traditions that disadvantage and diminish people of color in our schools of nursing, our professional organizations, and our health systems? How willing and able are we to move from naming racism to dismantling racism? Many times, institutional practices have been so ingrained in the tradition and fabric of our organizations that it is extremely challenging to see the problems that are, and have been, right in front of us. And these examinations can’t be done by one person, nor by a “Diversity and Inclusion Committee.” People throughout the organization at all levels must be involved, which can lead to uncomfortable conversations, but ones that we must have. It is time to get comfortable with being uncomfortable. And how will any efforts we invest in now be different from the past, in which leaders focused on these injustices, and then soon moved the issues to the back burner as they kept up with the work of their busy day jobs.
If it is to be different, it is time to act. Get past the statements, the walks and marches, and the assignments of one more task force (Banks & Harvey, 2020Links to an external site.). Actions, if inclusive and well thought out, can be the medium to bring people together to make a real difference—especially the younger students and faculty who we so often ‘protect’ from that work. They are the ones who will inherit the future, so they must be part of envisioning and crafting it.
The big question moving forward for leaders of nursing is: How do we each lead within our own organizations to dismantle structural racism? Can we critically examine how current policies and ways of doing work maintain or reinforce structural and institutional racism? One framework that can be helpful in guiding our thinking AND action about ‘what’s next’ is:
1.Honoring the Voices, Listening to Understand
2.Applying the Lessons Learned
3.Moving Forward in a Sustainable Way (Brandon, 2020Links to an external site.).
This framework clearly values the honoring of all voices and listening, but suggests those voices must also be ‘at the table’ to craft the approaches that will actually change the culture. Lastly, and perhaps most importantly, it speaks to the importance of planning for sustainability of any efforts to address racial inequities and injustices.
So where do we start? It is important that our first step be to listen and hear. We must then engage those who are committed to investing the time to examine practices, collect the evidence, and plan the change. Sustainability requires evaluation of these plans—if we don’t evaluate what we change, we run the risk of institutionalizing new practices that don’t get us where we need to be.
We know so many of you reading this are grappling with these questions. Please send your thoughts (and actions) about what you are doing moving forward in examining and dismantling racism so we can share with others.
Go to:Links to an external site.
References
Aspen Institute. (2016). 11 terms you should know to better understand structural racism. https://www.aspeninstitute.org/blog-posts/structural-racism-definition/Links to an external site.
Banks K., Harvey R. Is your company actually fighting racism, or just talking about it. Harvard Business Review. 2020 June 12. [Google ScholarLinks to an external site.]
Brandon R. Duke University Health System; 2020. Moments to Movements. Personal communication. [Google ScholarLinks to an external site.]
Scott Karen A., Britton Laura, McLemore Monica R. The ethics of perinatal care for black women. The Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing. April/June 2019;33(2):108–115. doi: 10.1097/JPN.0000000000000394. [PubMedLinks to an external site.] [CrossRefLinks to an external site.] [Google ScholarLinks to an external site.]
Zambrana R. Rutgers University Press; New Brunswick, NJ: 2018. Toxic Ivory Towers – The consequences of work stress on underrepresented minority faculty. [Google ScholarLinks to an external site.]
Zambrana, R., Allen, A., Higginbotham, E., Mitchell, J.,Perez, D., & Villarruel, A.M. (2020). Equity and inclusion Effective practices and responsive strategies A Guidebook for college and university leaders. (https://indd.adobe.com/view/823bfd9c-2fa6-4b0e-8f4f-58c3f9235370Links to an external site.)
1) What is the institutional racism? How is it similar/different to structural racism?
2) Why are nurses considered to be frontline witnesses to racism? What is unique about nursing that makes this happen?
3) What is the strongest evidence presented in this article used to defend the author’s claims?
4) What area(s) were they weak in – where did they lack evidence? Why do you think they did not have enough data in that area?

In light of the COVID-19 epidemic; there have been many healthcare disparities highlighted with various populations. It is not that these were not there prior to COVID-19 only that with the advent of COVID-19 created a starker image of just how much healthcare disparity existed within certain populations. As you reflect this week on disparities and inequity and the social determinants of health consider the following:
Reflect on the Lagu et al., (2022) article provided in this week’s readings (you may not use people with disabilities as your chosen vulnerable population for this week’s discussion); Wha implications for persons with disabilities does the article highlight and what suggestions (based on your course readings) can you suggest to improve access to care for this vulnerable population in terms of policies and payment systems? Did the information in the article surprise you? Why or why not?
Consider a vulnerable population of interest to you and explore ways that COVID-19 impacted the care of this vulnerable population. Provide sufficient detail to support why this population is considered vulnerable (of note; this needs to be specific; meaning stating all Caucasian women cannot be deemed a vulnerable population) and disproportionately impacted by health inequities due to COVID-19 epidemic or its aftermath.
What are the social service needs of this population? Describe and identify challenges and opportunities to reduce health care costs and improve health outcomes of your chosen vulnerable population; making sure to discuss ACA, federal and/or state financing of care for vulnerable populations. Consider this at both a state and national level.3.
As a reminder, all discussion posts must be minimum 250 words, references must be cited in APA format 7th Edition, and must include minimum of 2 scholarly resources published within the past 5-7 years.

This milestone should encompass Section I: Introduction and Section II: Perspectives of the final project.
As you complete research to support the current versus historical perspectives analysis and comparison, you will need to use the Shapiro Library. This guide, Getting Started With Research@Shapiro Library, will help you begin your search for information.
To complete this assignment, review the Milestone Two Guidelines and Rubric PDF document.

The video can be accessed by clicking the link .You will be required to sign in with your Kean Library ID. Psychotherapy.net can also be accessed by going to this link, scrolling down to Streaming Video Databases, clicking on Psychotherapy.net and then signing in with your Kean Library ID. Once on the Psychotherapy.net dashboard, you will be able to search the title of the movie which is the title of the discussion question.
Group therapy is an essential tool in therapy, especially for clients who feel isolated. What are some of your common fears when it comes to running groups? What major differences did you see when observing session 1 and session 3 in the video? 4 sources

Competency
In this project, you will demonstrate your mastery of the following competency:
Develop risk analysis and mitigation plans
Scenario
You are the IT risk assessment lead at Health Network, Inc., a health services organization headquartered in Tampa, Florida. Health Network has over 700 employees throughout the organization and generates $500 million in revenue annually. The company has two additional locations in Seattle, Washington, and Arlington, Virginia. These locations support different aspects of corporate operations. Each facility is located near a data center, where production systems are located and managed by third-party data-center hosting vendors.
Health Network has three main products:
1. HNetExchange is the primary source of revenue for the company. The service handles secure electronic medical messages that originate from its customers, such as large hospitals, which are then routed to receiving customers such as clinics.
2. HNetPay is a web portal used by many of the company’s HNetExchange customers to support the management of secure payments and billing. The HNetPay web portal, hosted at Health Network production sites, accepts various forms of payments and interacts with credit-card processing organizations, much like a web commerce shopping cart.
3. HNetConnect is an online directory that lists doctors, clinics, and other medical facilities to allow Health Network customers to find the right type of care at the right locations. It contains doctors’ personal information, work addresses, medical certifications, and types of services that the doctors and clinics offer. Doctors are given credentials and are able to update the information in their profiles. Health Network customers, which are hospitals and clinics, connect to all three of the company’s products using HTTPS connections. Doctors and potential patients are able to make payments and update their profiles using internet-accessible HTTPS websites.
Health Network operates in three production data centers that provide high availability across the company’s products. The data centers host about 1,000 production servers, and Health Network maintains 650 corporate laptops and company-issued mobile devices for its employees.
A previous risk assessment identified the following threats:
Potential loss of data due to inappropriate hardware decommission
Potential loss of protected health information (PHI) from lost or stolen company-owned assets, such as mobile devices and laptops
Potential data loss due to corrupt production data resulting from a systems outage
Internet threats from hackers and other malicious actors
Insider threats due to social engineering, installation of malware and spyware
Changes in the regulatory landscape that may impact operations
Based on the findings of this risk assessment, Health Network administration has determined that the existing risk management plan does not take into account the above threats and is therefore out of date. You have been assigned to develop a new plan.
Directions
For this assignment, you will create a risk management plan for Health Network that contains the following objectives:
1. Importance: Explain the plan’s purpose and importance for the key stakeholders of the organization.
2. Scope: Define the scope and boundaries of the plan.
3. Risks: Identify the organization’s primary internal and external risks based on the local environments where facilities are located.
4. Safety: Describe physical and safety considerations associated with the identified risks.
5. Business Impact: Conduct a business impact analysis (BIA) that determines the probability and significance of certain risky events and their potential impact on the various aspects of Health Network’s business.
6. Mitigation: Identify strategies to mitigate these risks and to allow Health Network to continue operating (business continuity plan (BCP) and disaster recovery plan (DRP)) if these risks occur.
What to Submit
To complete this project, you must submit the following:
Risk Management Plan (5 to 10 pages)

SAMPLE ANSWER

Creating a comprehensive Risk Management Plan (RMP) is crucial for Health Network, Inc. This plan serves as a strategic guide for identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks that can impact the organization’s operations, reputation, and security. Let’s outline the key components of the RMP:

**1. Importance:**
The RMP’s primary purpose is to proactively manage risks that could disrupt Health Network’s operations, compromise data security, and affect its compliance with healthcare regulations. It is of paramount importance to protect patient data, maintain business continuity, and uphold the organization’s reputation. Key stakeholders, including employees, customers, and shareholders, rely on Health Network to provide secure and reliable healthcare services.

**2. Scope:**
The scope of the RMP encompasses all aspects of Health Network’s operations, including its three production data centers, corporate offices, and mobile workforce. It also considers external factors such as the regulatory environment, internet threats, and changes in the healthcare industry. The plan applies to all employees, contractors, and third-party vendors involved in Health Network’s activities.

**3. Risks:**
Identified risks include:
– Inappropriate hardware decommission: Risk of data exposure and regulatory non-compliance during hardware disposal.
– Loss of PHI from lost or stolen devices: Risk of compromising patient data and violating data protection regulations.
– Data loss due to corrupt production data: Risk of system outages affecting healthcare services and data integrity.
– Internet threats: Risk of cyberattacks targeting patient data, business continuity, and reputation.
– Insider threats: Risk of unauthorized data access, data breaches, and compromised operations.
– Regulatory changes: Risk of non-compliance leading to legal and financial consequences.

**4. Safety:**
Physical and safety considerations include:
– Implementing access controls and security measures at data centers to prevent unauthorized entry.
– Enforcing mobile device encryption and remote wipe capabilities to protect data in case of loss or theft.
– Regularly testing data backup and recovery procedures to ensure data integrity and availability.
– Conducting employee training on social engineering awareness and malware prevention.
– Monitoring regulatory changes and updating policies and procedures accordingly.

**5. Business Impact:**
A Business Impact Analysis (BIA) will assess the likelihood and impact of identified risks on Health Network’s operations. This analysis will determine the criticality of systems and processes, potential financial losses, reputational damage, and regulatory penalties.

**6. Mitigation:**
Mitigation strategies include:
– Implementing secure hardware decommissioning procedures and data sanitization protocols.
– Deploying encryption, remote tracking, and remote wipe solutions for company-owned devices.
– Establishing redundant data centers and disaster recovery plans to ensure business continuity.
– Strengthening network security measures to defend against internet threats.
– Conducting regular security awareness training and implementing multi-factor authentication.
– Establishing a regulatory compliance team to monitor changes and ensure adherence to healthcare regulations.

The Risk Management Plan will serve as an evolving document, requiring regular review and updates to address emerging risks and changes in the healthcare industry and technology landscape. It will help Health Network protect patient data, maintain operational resilience, and uphold its commitment to quality healthcare services.