Category: Nursing

The topic is asthma
APA format
updated treatments and plans
How do physicians treat asthma
Asthma classifications

Module 2 Discussion
Weekly Clinical Experience 2
Describe your clinical experience for this week.
Did you face any challenges, any success? If so, what were they?
Describe the assessment of a patient, detailing the signs and symptoms (S&S), assessment, plan of care, and at least 3 possible differential diagnosis with rationales.
Mention the health promotion intervention for this patient.
What did you learn from this week’s clinical experience that can beneficial for you as an advanced practice nurse?
Support your plan of care with the current peer-reviewed research guideline.
Submission Instructions:
Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 references from academic journals no older than five years. Grading Rubric Your assignment will be graded according to the grading rubric.
Discussion Rubric
CriteriaRatingsPoints
Identification of Main Issues, Problems, and Concepts
Distinguished – 5 points
Identify and demonstrate a sophisticated understanding of the issues, problems, and concepts.
Excellent – 4 points
Identifies and demonstrate an accomplished understanding of most of issues, problems, and concepts.
Fair – 2 points
Identifies and demonstrate an acceptable understanding of most of issues, problems, and concepts.
Poor – 1 point
Identifies and demonstrate an unacceptable understanding of most of issues, problems, and concepts.
5 points
Use of Citations, Writing Mechanics and APA Formatting Guidelines
Distinguished – 3 points
Effectively uses the literature and other resources to inform their work. Exceptional use of citations and extended referencing. High level of APA precision and free of grammar and spelling errors.
Excellent – 2 points
Effectively uses the literature and other resources to inform their work. Moderate use of citations and extended referencing. Moderate level of APA precision and free of grammar and spelling errors.
Fair – 1 point
Ineffectively uses the literature and other resources to inform their work. Moderate use of citations and extended referencing. APA style and writing mechanics need more precision and attention to detail.
Poor – 0 points
Ineffectively uses the literature and other resources to inform their work. An unacceptable use of citations and extended referencing. APA style and writing mechanics need serious attention.
3 points
Response to Posts of PeersDistinguished – 2 points
Student constructively responded to two other posts and either extended, expanded or provided a rebuttal to each.
Fair – 1 point
Student constructively responded to one other post and either extended, expanded or provided a rebuttal.
Poor – 0 points
Student provided no response to a peer’s post.
2 points
Total Points 10

see instructions in attachments and use my self-evaluation for this assignment. Use apa 7 formating, in-text citations and reference list with one working link.

PLEASE RESPOND TO THIS POST INCLUDE REFERENCE PLEASE DON’T CRITIQUE
1. Explain the underlying pathophysiology associated with hypertensive conditions. What are the associated pathological complications?
Hardening arteries and reducing the flow of blood and oxygen to the heart, high blood pressure harms the heart. There are several known causes of hypertension such as renal illness, diabetes, chronic infections of the kidneys, and by obstructing or rupturing of arteries that provide blood and oxygen to the brain, the related pathological consequences of hypertension can also result in strokes in which lead to kidney disease which can result in kidney failure and is another risk factor for strokes (Harrison et al., 2021). The impairment of renal pressure natriuresis, a feedback mechanism by which high blood pressure causes an increase in salt and water excretion by the kidneys, which in turn causes a decrease in blood pressure, is a pathophysiological component of hypertension (Harrison et al., 2021). According to Harrison et al., most people with hypertension have it as a result of their genes or lifestyle choices like smoking or being overweight, but for about 10% of Americans, another illness is to blame in which the term “secondary hypertension” refers to hypertension that develops as a side effect of another medical illness (Harrison et al., 2021).
2. Detail a common congenital defect associated with the cardiovascular system of a pediatric patient.
Congenital heart disease, often known as a defect, describes one or more structural issues with the heart that exist from birth. When the heart or blood vessels don’t develop properly in pregnancy, certain problems take place. According to Rehman et al., in the United States, every year, eight out of every 1000 newborns are born with a cardiac abnormality in which certain congenital heart disease’s, particularly mild forms, have an increasing prevalence “defined as the proportion of infants born with a heart defect to all births”, although the prevalence of other types has remained stable (2022). Congenital heart disease frequently manifests as a ventricular septal defect (VSD) which is most common in pediatric patients’ and happens when there is a hole between the heart’s two pumping chambers of the left and right ventricles (Rehman et al., 2022). Blood frequently passes through the ventricular septal defect in newborns who have ventricular septal defects from the left ventricle to the right ventricle and then into the lungs. The heart and lungs must work harder to pump this additional blood into the lungs. Shortness of breath, rapid or hard breathing, paleness, an inability to gain weight, a rapid heartbeat, sweating while eating, and recurrent respiratory infections are all indications of a ventricular septal defect (Yuan et al., 2022). Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) are typically not life-threatening because they typically close on their own or cause congestive heart failure symptoms, which can be surgically corrected in time to preserve the patient’s life if done before the age of two, in which a big ventricular septal defect can be repaired to avoid harm to the heart and lungs. If the damage is not fixed before the age of two, it is irreversible and gets worse with time (Yuan et al., 2022).
References
Harrison, D. G., Coffman, T. M., & Wilcox, C. S. (2021). Pathophysiology of Hypertension: The Mosaic Theory and Beyond. Circulation research, 128(7), 847–863. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.121.318082
Rehman, Y., Wazir, H. D., Akbar, A., Khan, A. M., Hussain, I., Afridi, A., Gul, H., & Sadia, H. (2022). Congenital Heart Disease and Its Association in Children with Down Syndrome. Cureus, 14(9), e29176. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.29176
Yuan, Y., Pan, B., Liang, X., Lv, T., & Tian, J. (2022). Health-related quality of life in children with congenital heart disease following interventional closure versus minimally invasive closure. Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 9, 974720. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.974720

Instructions
Submit your answers as a short paper to the dropbox. Ensure there is a minimum of two scholarly sources to support your work.
Always construct as an academic paper using APA 7th edition. Title page, level one heading on second page (title of your paper), body, conclusion. Reference page. (See APA 7th edition formatted paper in the APA folder).
A 90-year-old resident of a long-term care facility has a history of dementia, diabetes, mellitus, peripheral vascular disease, and osteoarthritis. He is totally dependent in activities of daily living (ADLs). Over the course of the past 2 weeks, he is noted to have a decreased appetite and a sudden change in behavior. He is being discussed at the team meeting due to this change in behavior.
The RN reports that when the nurse aids attempts to get him out of bed, he actively resists and strikes out. He also screams when being showered, especially when his lower extremities are washed, and when being dressed. He has been moved to a private room in the facility due to his behavioral changes disturbing his roommate. The RN reports that he has a large ulcer on the medial aspect of his left foot as well as a small ulcer on the malleolus. His right heel is reddened and soft to touch. The patient’s daughter is present at the meeting and asks the RN whether she thinks her father is in pain. The RN responds that she attempted to administer the pain scale but that he was not able to respond.
Do you think this resident is in pain? What signs is he exhibiting that make you draw that conclusion?
What is the best way of assessing pain in a cognitively impaired elder?
What interventions can be instituted to improve his comfort?

Complete a literature review of this topic using 5 current peer-reviewed references and create an annotated bibliography.
This paper is not a formal paper but is structured as more of an outline. Research and choose 5 articles about your chosen technology. The purpose is for you to synthesize and to summarize the article as it is related to the topic. The purpose of an annotated bibliography is to select the most appropriate articles, research or evidence based, from a reliable journal or source, related to the topic.
Reference each article in proper APA format and include the following information underneath each reference:
reference
summary of the article
the purpose of the article
the credibility of the article
explanation of how you are going to use the article in your final project
Each annotated bibliography should be 400-500 words. Do not copy/paste the abstract for this assignment. Include a cover page only.
Here is a guide to creating annotated bibliographies. Review these examples from Purdue OWL (Links to an external site.) for how to indent and format your annotations.

Note: after you do the assessment, write the conclusion on the module 1 template. Just fill in the blanks and send it back the way it is.

The purpose of this assignment is to explore the way the media reports health issues and the influence this has with the general public. Each paper will demonstrate the learner’s understanding of the identified health care related issue and a statement of how the problem or issue affects or is affected by community-based and community-oriented/public health nursing care.
Find a recent news story addressing a public/community health-related issue.
Write a 3 to 5-page paper (minimum of 750 words) and maximum of 5 pages (approximately 1,250 words), not including title page and references
See attachment for appropriate sources

APA format, proper citation and referencing
Prepare a brief (8–12 slides) PowerPoint presentation
The content of your presentation must include a title slide indicating the title of the presentation, include a clearly stated research question, and then accurately identify the research approach (qualitative or quantitative). Ethical considerations such as issues related to consent, research ethics board approval, and treatment of vulnerable populations should be outlined. The details related to the research design need to be described briefly. An important part of this presentation is dissemination of the research findings. The findings are the answer to the research question. People are usually most interested in the findings, so address these in some detail. Additionally, use a slide or two to provide your perspective as to the value of the study findings to evidence-based/evidence-informed practice.
The format of your presentation will also be graded for number of slides (8–12); accuracy, conciseness, readability of slides; design of slides; accuracy of grammar, spelling, and punctuation; and accuracy of APA format on your conclusion slide that cites the article using current APA format.
Submit using the links in the Assessment section of the course home page. Make sure you also include the persistent link URL or PDF copy of your article.
I will send the link and the article chosen separately.

COMPLEX CASE STUDY PRESENTATION
In Weeks 4, 7, and 9 of the course, you will participate in clinical discussions called grand rounds. In one of these three weeks, you will be a presenter as well as help facilitate the online discussion; in the others you will be an active discussion participant. When it is your week to present, you will create a Focused SOAP note and a short didactic (teaching) video presenting a real (but de-identified) complex patient case from your practicum experience.
You should have received an assignment from your Instructor letting you know which week of the course you are assigned to present. RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity. Click the weekly resources link to access the resources. WEEKLY RESOURCES
TO PREPARE: Review this week’s Learning Resources and consider the insights they provide. Also review the Kaltura Media Uploader resource in the left-hand navigation of the classroom for help creating your self-recorded Kaltura video.
Select a child/adolescent or adult patient from your clinical experience that presents with a significant concern. Create a focused SOAP note for this patient using the template in the Resources.(Patient case: Chief complaint: “I am here for a follow-up visit.’ HPI: The patient is a 15-year-old Nigerian American male who presents today for a follow-up visit. Ptwas diagnosed with depression 6 weeks ago. He reports he made his parentsaware of his sexuality that he is homosexual, and his parents are notsupportive of him due to cultural reasons. He states he is ”shunned” bymost of his Nigerian friends in school and other family members other thanhis uncle, who advised him to seek therapy. Pt has been in psychotherapysessions for four months and states he is progressing. Pt verbalizes he isglad his uncle and his family are supporting him. He reports he is ”hurt’and cannot forgive his parents for ”neglecting” him. Pt reports feeling lowself-esteem and sad. He states he can eat once a day and has difficultyfalling asleep. Pt reports no side effects of current medications. MentalStatus Examination: The pt is alert and oriented to person, place, time,event. He appears sad and withdrawn. Well-groomed, but skin looks dry. Pt’sjudgment and thought processes is normal. Speech is slow but clear andanswers all questions and makes sporadic eye contact with the practitioner.His affect is euthymic. He denies suicidal thoughts or hallucinations.Diagnosis: F32.2 Major depressive disorder, single episode, severe withoutpsychotic features Treatment plan Pharmacological: Increase Lexapro from 5 mgto 10 mg PO daily Non-Pharmacological: Pt and uncle educated on causes andsymptoms of depression, medication benefits, and potential adverse sideeffects. They are also encouraged to reports suicidal thoughts or intents. Tofollow up in 3 weeks.). All SOAP notes must be signed by your Preceptor. When you submit your SOAP note, you should include the complete SOAP note as a Word document and PDF/images of completed assignment signed by your Preceptor. You must submit your SOAP Note using Turnitin.
Please Note: Electronic signatures are not accepted. If both files are not received by the due date, Faculty will deduct points per the Walden Late Policies.
Then, based on your SOAP note of this patient, develop a video case study presentation. Take time to practice what you will say beforehand, and ensure that you have the appropriate lighting and equipment to record the presentation.
Your presentation should include objectives for your audience, at least 3 possible discussion questions/prompts for your classmates to respond to, and at least 5 scholarly resources to support your diagnostic reasoning and treatment plan.
Video assignment for this week’s presenters:
Record yourself presenting the complex case study for your clinical patient. In your presentation:
Dress professionally and present yourself in a professional manner.
Display your photo ID at the start of the video when you introduce yourself.
Ensure that you do not include any information that violates the principles of HIPAA (i.e., don’t use the patient’s name or any other identifying information).
State 3–4 objectives for the presentation that are targeted, clear, use appropriate verbs from Bloom’s taxonomy, and address what the audience will know or be able to do after viewing.
Present the full complex case study. Include chief complaint; history of present illness; any pertinent past psychiatric, substance use, medical, social, family history; most recent mental status exam; current psychiatric diagnosis including differentials that were ruled out; and plan for treatment and management.
Report normal diagnostic results as the name of the test and “normal” (rather than specific value). Abnormal results should be reported as a specific value. Pose three questions or discussion prompts, based on your presentation, that your colleagues can respond to after viewing your video.
Be succinct in your presentation, and do not exceed 8 minutes. Specifically address the following for the patient, using your SOAP note as a guide.Subjective: What details did the patient provide regarding their chief complaint and symptomology to derive your differential diagnosis? What is the duration and severity of their symptoms? How are their symptoms impacting their functioning in life?
Objective: What observations did you make during the psychiatric assessment? Assessment: Discuss their mental status examination results. What were your differential diagnoses? Provide a minimum of three possible diagnoses and why you chose them. List them from highest priority to lowest priority. What was your primary diagnosis, and why? Describe how your primary diagnosis aligns with DSM-5-TR diagnostic criteria and is supported by the patient’s symptoms.
Plan: What was your plan for psychotherapy (include one health promotion activity and patient education)? What was your plan for treatment and management, including alternative therapies? Include pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments, alternative therapies, and follow-up parameters, as well as a rationale for this treatment and management plan. Discuss an identified social determinate of health impacting this patient’s mental health status and provide your recommendation for a referral to assist this patient in meeting this identified need (students will need to conduct research on this topic both in the literature and for community resources).
Reflection notes: What would you do differently with this patient if you could conduct the session again? If you are able to follow up with your patient, explain whether these interventions were successful and why or why not. If you were not able to conduct a follow-up, discuss what your next intervention would be.
Required Readings
Carlat, D. J. (2017). The psychiatric interview (4th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.Chapter 26, “Assessing Alcohol Use Disorder”
MeditrekLinks to an external site.
https://edu.meditrek.com/Default.html
Note: Use this website to log into Meditrek to report your clinical hours and patient encounters.to an external site.
Document: Focused SOAP Note Template (Word document)Download Focused SOAP Note Template (Word document)
Document: Focused SOAP Note Exemplar (Word document)Download Focused SOAP Note Exemplar (Word document)
Stern, T. A., Fava, M., Wilens, T. E., & Rosenbaum, J. F. (2016). Massachusetts General Hospital psychopharmacology and neurotherapeutics. Elsevier. Chapter 15, “Alcohol-Related Disorders”
Chapter 16, “Drug Addiction”
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.). Social Determinates of Health.Links to an external site. Healthy People 2030. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/priority-areas/so…
Recommended Readings
American Psychiatric Association. (2018). Practice guideline for the pharmacological treatment of patients with alcohol use disorderLinks to an external site.. https://psychiatryonline.org/doi/book/10.1176/appi…
Links to an external site.
American Society of Addiction Medicine. (2020). Clinical practice guidelines on alcohol withdrawal managementLinks to an external site.. https://www.asam.org/docs/default-source/quality-s…
Links to an external site.
American Society of Addiction Medicine. (2020). National practice guideline for the treatment of opioid use disorder: 2020 focused updateLinks to an external site.. http://eguideline.guidelinecentral.com/i/1224390-n…