Category: Nursing

The below post for a student of my class. I need a peer response of 150 words APA , include referenes and citations no older than 5 years
Post
1.Describe the Dual Process Theory and Reasoning Process and how it applies to making decisions for the advanced practice nurse. Dual process theory is a model of human cognition that proposes that there are two distinct systems involved in decision-making: System 1 and System 2. System 1 is a fast, intuitive system that relies on heuristics and biases. System 2 is a slower, more deliberate system that relies on logic and reasoning(Djulbegovic et al. 2012).
The reasoning process for APNs is similar to the dual process model. In the initial stages of assessment, APNs use System 1 to quickly identify potential diagnoses. This is often done by using heuristics, which are mental shortcuts that allow us to make decisions quickly and efficiently. For example, if a patient presents with chest pain, an APN might quickly consider the most common causes of chest pain, such as a heart attack or a panic attack(Monteiro et al., 2019) .
Once potential diagnoses have been identified, APNs then use System 2 to more carefully consider the evidence and make a final decision. This involves gathering more information, such as the patient’s history and physical exam findings. It also involves using logic and reasoning to weigh the evidence and make a decision that is most likely correct(Djulbegovic et al. 2012).
2. What are cognitive dispositions to respond? How are these applied in the APN setting. Cognitive dispositions to respond are tendencies to respond to certain stimuli in certain ways. For example, someone who is disposed to be anxious may be more likely to interpret ambiguous information as threatening. In the APN setting, cognitive dispositions to respond can be applied in a number of ways. For example, an APN who is disposed to be anxious may be more likely to order unnecessary tests or procedures. They may also be more likely to miss subtle signs of illness. It is important for APNs to be aware of their own cognitive dispositions to respond so that they can avoid making biased decisions. One way to do this is to regularly reflect on their own decision-making process. APNs can also ask for feedback from colleagues or mentors(Pierret 2016 ).
3. Describe cognitive debiasing? Cognitive debiasing is the process of reducing or eliminating cognitive biases. Cognitive biases are systematic errors in thinking that can lead to poor decision-making. There are a number of different techniques that can be used for cognitive debiasing. Some common techniques include: Awareness: The first step to cognitive debiasing is to be aware of the existence of cognitive biases. Once you are aware of the biases, you can start to look for them in your own thinking. Critical thinking: Critical thinking involves evaluating the evidence carefully and objectively. This can help you to avoid making decisions based on intuition or emotion. Seeking out diverse perspectives: When making a decision, it is important to consider a variety of perspectives. This can help you to avoid being influenced by your own biases. Monitoring your own thinking: It is also important to monitor your own thinking for signs of bias. If you notice that you are making a decision based on your intuition or emotion, take a step back and try to evaluate the evidence more objectively(Pierret 2016 ).
4. Describe how Type 1 (System 1) and Type 2 (System 2) processes and strategies can be applied to each case to help the NP make decisions and to decrease potential diagnostic error? In Case 1, the NP could have used Type 1 processing to quickly identify the patient’s symptoms as consistent with gallbladder disease. However, the NP should have also used Type 2 processing to gather more information and rule out other possible diagnoses, such as a pulmonary embolism. In Case 2, the NP could have used Type 1 processing to quickly diagnose the patient with the flu. However, the NP should have also used Type 2 processing to consider other possible diagnoses, such as viral meningitis(Djulbegovic et al. 2012).
By using both Type 1 and Type 2 processing, NPs can make more accurate diagnoses and reduce the risk of diagnostic error. 5. What considerations for change to practice should the NP consider in each situation as a way to decrease the chance of future diagnostic and care decisions. In Case 1, the NP should consider adding a question about testosterone use to the patient’s history. This would have helped the NP to consider the possibility of a pulmonary embolism. In Case 2, the NP should consider ordering a more sensitive test for the flu, such as a PCR test. This would have helped the NP to rule out the flu more definitively. By making changes to their practice, NPs can reduce the risk of diagnostic error and provide better care for their patients(Tsalatsanis et al., 2015).

Discussion Reflection Response – Ethical Dilemma
Post your complete response to the discussion questions in the Discussion Area by the due date assigned.
After reviewing The Invisible Patients documentary, provide a reflection post addressing each of the four following questions:
How is the NP in the documentary a Disruptive Innovator?
Discuss at least one relationship between your personal beliefs and values with this ethical dilemma/barrier.
Describe at least one mechanism to overcome the barrier discussed.
Examine the potential cost and benefits to this barrier.
Please note:
This is a reflection and therefore no references are needed nor expected.
There is only one (1) post for this discussion board.
There is no requirement to respond to any of your peers.
Your response should be 200-250 words in length.

Guidelines: In your discussion response, provide a substantive response that illustrates a well-reasoned and thoughtful response. Reflective posts provide you an opportunity to think back on the concepts and materials you reviewed for the week. A reflection is a method for personal growth. A reflection post can help answer questions, such as, “How has my thinking changed this past week?”, “How can I use the concepts or relationships from the course readings and course content in my practice?” Reflection enhances personal and professional growth by making connections to previous course content and/or presenting novel ideas and insights

I need a 750 word essay describing accomplishment of research, this is is a continuation of my research project.

Identify a nurse-driven topic of interest related to a current challenge in nursing or your workplace and explain why it is a nursing problem. This topic will be used to complete the remainder course assignments.
Evidence-based practice uses the PICOT model for formulating a searchable question. Follow the guide below to answer the questions that will help you develop your PICOT question.
P = Population: How would you describe the group of patients in question?
I = Intervention: What main nursing intervention within your scope of practice are you considering implementing to improve patient outcomes?
C = Comparison: Is there an alternative to compare with the intervention?
O = Outcome: What do you hope to accomplish, improve or affect from implementing the nursing intervention?
T = Timeframe: What would be the timeframe for data collection or time to measure the outcome?
Use the sample below to develop your clinical PICOT question based on your responses. State your clinical question.
In elderly patients (P), does a fall risk assessment tool (I) compared to none (C) affect fall rates (O) by hospital discharge (T)?
Use a problem in a surgical trauma unit.
Textbook, evidence-based practice in nursing and healthcare. A guide to best practice.
And please can search for three research works that would go with whatever PICOT you pick.
Use Medline to search for materials.
Availability: Searching MEDLINE via PubMed results in a list of citations (including authors, title, source, and often abstract) to journal articles and an indication of free electronic full-text availability. Searching is free of charge and does not require registration.
MEDLINE Overview – National Library of Medicine

Reviewing your literature when developing evidence-based practice and quality improvement projects is an important. It is also important to incorporate a theoretical framework as well. As part of a quality improvement team on a busy medical-surgical floor, you are in charge of decreasing hospital admission for heart failure patients. What are some steps you could take to conduct a literature review and which theoretical framework could you use to help guide your case and why? THE ANSWER
steps you could take to conduct a literature review and which theoretical framework you could use to help guide your case:
Define the purpose of your literature review. What are you hoping to learn from the literature? Are you looking for specific interventions that have been shown to be effective in reducing hospital admissions for heart failure patients? Or are you looking for a more general understanding of the factors that contribute to hospital admissions for this population?
Identify key terms and concepts. What are the key terms and concepts that you will need to search for in the literature? This will help you to narrow down your search and find the most relevant articles.
Conduct a search of the literature. There are a number of different databases that you can search for literature, such as PubMed, CINAHL, and Medline. Be sure to use the key terms and concepts that you identified in step 2.
Screen the articles that you find. Once you have found a number of articles, you will need to screen them to determine which ones are most relevant to your research question. This involves reading the abstracts and, in some cases, the full text of the articles.
Evaluate the quality of the articles. Once you have identified a few articles that are relevant to your research question, you will need to evaluate their quality. This involves considering the methodology used in the study, the results of the study, and the limitations of the study.
Synthesize the findings of the literature. Once you have evaluated the quality of the articles, you will need to synthesize the findings of the literature. This involves drawing conclusions about what the literature says about the effectiveness of different interventions for reducing hospital admissions for heart failure patients.
There are a number of different theoretical frameworks that you could use to help guide your case. One possibility is to use the social-ecological model. This model views health as being influenced by a complex interplay of factors, including individual, interpersonal, community, and environmental factors. The social-ecological model could be used to help you identify the factors that contribute to hospital admissions for heart failure patients and to develop interventions that target these factors.
Another possibility is to use the transtheoretical model of change. This model describes the stages that people go through as they make changes in their behavior. The transtheoretical model could be used to help you understand the stage of readiness for change that heart failure patients are in and to develop interventions that are tailored to their specific needs.
The theoretical framework that you choose should be appropriate for the specific case that you are working on. It should also be supported by the evidence in the literature.

Reply to each post with 1-2 paragraphs, including references
Post#1- Juan Quantitative and qualitative research are two terms used to describe how data is gathered and presented within research. Quantitative research involves measurements of numbers to determine the effects of certain variables, while qualitative research aims to describe or understand the world (Tappen, 2016). While both aim to research a topic, the data and conclusions created by either objective numerical data or subjective descriptive data are what set these two methods apart. One may choose to do quantitative research when the topic requires analyzing the effectiveness of an intervention, such as comparing treatment versus no treatment or the control. Qualitative research would be more for gathering subjective data such as testimonials or survey data which can be used to understand patient or employee satisfaction based on certain factors present in the experimental setting (Tappen, 2016). When deciding to pick between quantitative or qualitative research methods, one must consider the topic they are researching and how applicable a study may be to the chosen focus of research. Both forms of research are applicable and must be used in a manner that is most relevant to the topic.
Post#2- Evin
The hallmark difference between quantitative and qualitative research is that quantitative uses numerical data evidence whereas qualitative is a summation of predominantly non-numerical data. Qualitative research gives data such as vigorous and Moro reflex compared to quantitative data that provides an APGAR score of 9, weight, or height value (Tappen, 2015). At the end of the day, qualitative data give us discovery and quantitative gives us verification. As such, when deciding between the two methods, one must decide what evidence the research will present and what is the overall purpose of the research. Tappen (2015) says that “the method selected should match the question that is asked” (p.55). If the research is meant to represent a characteristic, the qualitative research method is ideal because it recognizes the voices of both the researcher and the participants are reflected in the writing (Tappen, 2015). I am leaning toward the qualitative method for my research on Ozone therapy, although the quantitative would give greater data. Post#3- Alfred Combining different methodologies may have several challenges. The first challenge is the data from the sources can contradict each other due to a difference in philosophies. The next challenge is the level of expertise required to merge multiple methods. It is usually difficult to become an expert in multiple fields, as most people focus on becoming experts in just one. Another challenge is determining how to prioritize and order the methods we use. We need to carefully integrate the methods and organize our data accordingly for analysis and presentation. Overcoming these challenges is simple. Effective communication within the team and respecting each role involved in the process is crucial. Identifying the most critical part and prioritizing it helps answer the research question. Additionally, we must combine the methods to create a cohesive study design effectively. When done successfully, this comprehensive approach provides a better understanding and analysis of the topic than using the methods individually (Tappen, 2016).
Post#4- Anna Combining methodologies in research projects can be a powerful approach, but it also can present several challenges for researchers.One challenge is the perception that these methods belong to separate paradigms that do not mix well. Some argue that quantitative and qualitative methods have different ways of viewing the world and collecting information, making it challenging to combine them. To overcome this, researchers need to bridge the gap between these paradigms and recognize the potential synergy between the two (Tariq & Woodman, 2013).Another challenge is the time and expertise required. Conducting a mixed methods study can be time-consuming and demands skills in both quantitative and qualitative methods. It often requires the collaboration of a team of researchers with diverse expertise to ensure rigor and meet project timelines (Tariq & Woodman, 2013).Integrating different data types also poses a challenge requiring creative thinking and meaningful connections. Researchers should develop a robust data analysis plan and utilize mixed-methods analysis techniques to facilitate integration (Tariq & Woodman, 2013).

Topic that related to the nursing profession and is relevant to the subject matter addressed in this course: NURS 330 Cultural and Ethical Issues in Nursing.

Your topic can be related to a specific nursing specialization, a clinical problem, a patient issue, etc., but must be connected to the addressed in this course.
Consider the availability of peer review articles to ensure you can develop sufficient details on the topic. Identify at least 2 relevant peer reviewed articles published within 5 years. Your topic submission should be in a word document and include the following:

Title page
Specific topic of interest (beginning content after Title page)
How the topic relates to this course and nursing practice
Your rationale for choosing the topic
How the articles support your topic
References (on separate page after content to align with your selected articles)
***Sample format attached. Also, open to other topics if you recommend a better one. This is the first of three, and I would like to work with the same writer for ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FINAL PAPER in the next couple weeks***

Create a concept map for one of the topics from the list below: Sickle Cell Anemia
The content of the concept map must include:
pathophysiology
definition
etiology
risk factors (genetic predisposition and environment factors if applicable)
causative factors
common signs and symptoms for the disease
labs & diagnostic tests
nursing interventions
medical treatment
complications of the disease
patient & family education
4-6 references using APA 7th ed. format
What is a concept map? A concept map is a visual representation of an overarching topic and the relationships between individual ideas, images, or words that lend themselves to the larger picture. Using designated shapes, as well as labeled lines and arrows, concept maps can depict cause and effect, requirements, and contributions between items. Concept maps are ideal for developing logical thinking, dissecting complex systems, and contextualizing specific ideas within larger topics. Source: Lucidspark. (n.d.). What is a Concept Map? https://lucidspark.com/blog/what-is-a-concept-mapLinks to an external site.

Submit a paper which compares and contrasts two mental health theories:
You may choose your theories from the textbook or from other sources.
Describe each theory, including significant early history about the person who developed the theory and the major ideas and applications of the theory.
Describe the ways in which the two theories are similar, and how they differ.
Include a statement of how each theory could be used in your nursing practice. Include specific patient examples if you have them. You may also critique the theory: Is there anything with which you disagree or are there any problems you can identify?
It is expected that this essay will be 3-5 pages in length (not including the title page), double-spaced. Your paper should include an introduction and conclusion and proper APA citations from any source material you use, including your text.

eposter , for presentation 400 words ,graph and 1 picture.
critique a piece of research related to healthcare budgets applicable to long term conditions