Category: Psychology homework help

12 HOURS!!!
Explain why identifying function is so important to successful behavior intervention programs.
Base this on your Unit 9 reading assignment and present facts supporting the value of conducting FBAs in the public-school system and why it is important that teachers have the skills needed to conduct them.
To illustrate the importance of identifying the function of a target behavior before implementing a BIP, provide an example of a target behavior that is being inadvertently reinforced because the function of the behavior has not been identified.
Ethical Considerations for Assessments and Behavior-Change Interventions

Explain how you can select and design assessments using the Behavior Analyst Certification Board’s (BACB’s) Ethics Code for Behavior Analysts, Code 2.13.
Explain how you can select, design, and implement behavior-change interventions using the BACB’s Ethics Code for Behavior Analysts, Code 2.14.

Discuss the two components of the FBA, the indirect assessment and the direct descriptive assessment, and explain how they are carried out. Include the following in your discussion:

Describe two indirect assessment approaches/tools.
Describe two direct descriptive assessment approaches/tools.
Detail how the probable function of a target behavior can be hypothesized based upon the results of the FBA.

Define the two broad categories of behavior function.

Acquisition Programs: Shaping and Chaining

Define shaping and chaining. (Include the three types of chaining procedures in your discussion.)
Create a simple scenario in which a complex behavior can be broken down and trained using one of the chaining methods. Create a task analysis to illustrate the concept.

Using one of the components in the task analysis used for your chaining example, demonstrate how shaping can be used to train that one component.

Reduction Programs: Differential Reinforcement

Describe the methods of differential reinforcement of alternative (DRA) behavior; differential reinforcement of other (DRO) behavior; and differential reinforcement of incompatible (DRI) behavior.

Create a scenario in which you illustrate the use of one of the differential reinforcement approaches (DRA; DRO; DRI).

Generalization and Maintenance

Define generalization and maintenance.
Explain the importance of programming for generalization and maintenance.
Present three techniques that can be used to program for generalization.

Research intrinsic and extrinsic motivation using the course materials and the Internet. Then, respond to the following:
Identify 2 activities that you have personally undertaken that were driven by intrinsic motivation. Explain why you chose those 2 activities.
Identify 2 activities you have personally undertaken that were driven by extrinsic motivation. Explain why you chose those 2 activities.
What do you think is the more powerful motivator: intrinsic or extrinsic motivation? Why?

The chapter discussed the relationship between personality and drug use has been the subject of considerable research attention. Also noted is that some personality characteristics seem to be associated with the drug experience, there is no evidence for an “addictive personality.” What are your thoughts about an “addictive personality”? Present at least one resource to support your response.

Introduce your concentration—that is, organizational behavior (OB)—by providing a detailed description of the field to an audience that has no knowledge of the topic.
For OB, be sure to include the following:
The definition of OB
Human behaviors in organizations, organizational behavior, and the individual organization interface
Employment opportunities in the field

Explain four patterns of attachment and give an example of each one. Indicate which pattern you find to be the most common, and support your answer with examples from the text and movie. (movie…Joe the King)
ANSWER
There are four main patterns of attachment: secure, avoidant, anxious, and disorganized.
Secure attachment is characterized by a sense of trust and safety in relationships. Securely attached children feel confident that their needs will be met by their caregivers, and they are able to explore their environment without fear. They are also able to form close and trusting relationships with others.
Avoidant attachment is characterized by a fear of intimacy and a need to maintain a distance from others. Avoidantly attached children may feel that their needs were not met by their caregivers, and they may have learned that it is safer to avoid close relationships. They may also be afraid of being abandoned or rejected.
Anxious attachment is characterized by a fear of abandonment and a need for constant reassurance. Anxiously attached children may feel that they are not worthy of love and acceptance, and they may be constantly worried about losing their loved ones. They may also be clingy and demanding.
Disorganized attachment is the least common type of attachment, and it is characterized by a combination of avoidant and anxious behaviors. Children with disorganized attachment may have experienced abuse or neglect, and they may have difficulty trusting and forming close relationships.
Examples
Here are some examples of each pattern of attachment:
Secure attachment:
A child who feels comfortable exploring their environment and is confident that their caregiver will be there for them if they need them.
A child who is able to form close and trusting relationships with others.
A child who is able to express their needs and feelings openly.
Avoidant attachment:
A child who avoids eye contact and physical contact with their caregiver.
A child who is withdrawn and quiet.
A child who has difficulty forming close relationships.
Anxious attachment:
A child who cries and clings to their caregiver when they leave the room.
A child who is constantly worried about being abandoned.
A child who is demanding and needy.
Disorganized attachment:
A child who freezes or becomes aggressive when their caregiver approaches them.
A child who has difficulty trusting others.
A child who has difficulty forming close relationships.
Which pattern is most common?
Secure attachment is the most common pattern of attachment. It is estimated that about 60% of children are securely attached. Avoidant and anxious attachment are also common, accounting for about 20% of children each. Disorganized attachment is the least common pattern of attachment, accounting for about 10% of children.
Examples from the text and movie
In the text, we see examples of all four patterns of attachment. For example, Holden Caulfield, the protagonist of the novel, has an avoidant attachment style. He is withdrawn and cynical, and he has difficulty forming close relationships. He also has a strong need for independence.
In the movie Joe the King, Joe, the protagonist, has a disorganized attachment style. He was abandoned by his mother as a child, and he has difficulty trusting others. He is also prone to angry outbursts.
Conclusion
Attachment patterns are formed in early childhood, and they can have a significant impact on our relationships and overall well-being. Secure attachment is the most beneficial pattern of attachment, as it leads to healthy and fulfilling relationships.

GENDER DIFFERENCES IN MATE SELECTION
Evolutionary theory is often invokedto explain gender differences in mate selection. If the motive to reproduce explains men’s attraction to young (pretty) women and women’s attraction to financially stable men—as evolutionary psychologists claim—then how does it explain the increasing number of women who do not depend on men for financial stability because they are themselves economically independent?
Or, how does one explain the increasing number of women who choose not to have children? If they do not plan to have children, then they certainly do not need a financially stable mate committed to the long-term care of offspring they do not intend to have. Or, how can evolutionary theory explain the increasing number of women who are not married yet have children?
For this Discussion, you will examine conditions that influence diffusion of responsibility from the perspective of mate selection.
RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
WEEKLY RESOURCES

Aronson, E., Wilson, T. D., Akert, R. M., & Sommers, S. R. (Eds.). (2019). Social psychology (10th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.
Chapter 10, “Attraction and Relationships: From Initial Impressions to Long-Term Intimacy”
Chapter 11, “Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help?”
Note: Viewing media and interactives embedded in the electronic version of this course text is not required for this course.
Darley, J. M., & Latané, B. (1968). Bystander intervention in emergencies: Diffusion of responsibility. Journal of Personality and Social PsychologyLinks to an external site., 8(4), 377–383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0025589
Latané, B., & Darley, J. M. (1968). Group inhibition of bystander intervention in emergencies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,Links to an external site. 10(3), 215–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0026570
TO PREPARE
Review the Learning Resources for this week and examine how social psychology theories and research explain mate selection.
Compare evolutionary theory and social psychology theories as they apply to mate selection.
Post whether or not the rules of attraction change for women as a function of their economic independence. Explain whether or not the rules of attraction are biological imperatives or cultural constructions, or both. Please use social psychology theory to refute claims based on evolutionary theory.
Respond to at least one of your colleagues in the following way:
Informed by social psychology theory and research, explain how your colleague’s analysis might differ if applied cross-culturally.

View the video “Creative Thinking-How to get out of the box and Generate Ideas” by Giovanni Corazza at TEDxRoma”(13:37 mins).

After viewing the video, address the following in your discussion post:
How are creativity and innovation defined?
How are people defined in those roles?
Which do you believe is of greater value to a company, a creative employee or an innovative employee?
From the video provide a tip and/or characteristic for each type of employee, specifically the creative and the innovative type.

ANSWER
In Giovanni Corazza’s TEDx talk on “Creative Thinking – How to Get Out of the Box and Generate Ideas,” he discusses various aspects of creativity and innovation. Here are the key points addressed in response to your questions:

**1. Definition of Creativity and Innovation:**
– **Creativity** refers to the ability to generate novel and valuable ideas, often involving thinking beyond conventional boundaries and connecting seemingly unrelated concepts.
– **Innovation**, on the other hand, involves implementing or applying creative ideas to create new products, services, or processes that add value or solve specific problems.

**2. Roles of People in Creativity and Innovation:**
– **Creative individuals** are typically those who excel in ideation and coming up with original concepts or solutions. They may be visionaries, artists, or idea generators.
– **Innovative individuals** are more focused on the practical application of creative ideas. They can take those ideas and turn them into tangible innovations, such as new products, services, or business processes.

**3. Value to a Company – Creative vs. Innovative Employee:**
– Both creative and innovative employees are valuable to a company, but their value may differ depending on the stage of the innovation process. Creative employees excel in generating a wide range of ideas, fostering a culture of innovation, and providing the raw material for innovation. Innovative employees, on the other hand, excel in executing and implementing those ideas effectively, bringing them to market, and ensuring they meet strategic objectives. The two roles complement each other in the innovation process.

**4. Tips/Characteristics for Creative and Innovative Employees from the Video:**
– **Creative Employee Tip:** Creative individuals often thrive in environments that encourage open exploration and unconventional thinking. A characteristic highlighted in the video is the importance of having a broad knowledge base and being curious. A creative employee should seek out diverse experiences and perspectives to draw upon when generating ideas.

– **Innovative Employee Tip:** Innovative individuals should be resourceful and capable of taking calculated risks. They need to be skilled in project management and execution. A characteristic emphasized in the video is the ability to persevere and navigate through the challenges that may arise during the implementation of creative ideas.

In conclusion, creativity and innovation are closely related but distinct concepts. Creative employees excel in ideation and idea generation, while innovative employees excel in implementing and realizing those ideas. Both roles are valuable to a company, and successful innovation often requires a combination of creative thinking and effective execution.

Suppose you were applying for a job in a community mental health center. How would you respond to these questions during the interview: (1) Many of our clients represent a range of diverse cultural and ethnic backgrounds; to what degree do you think you will be able to work with them? (2) How would you explain your own acculturation process? (e.g., your own process of being a product of your culture; how the culture to which you belong affects your thinking, etc.). How will this help or hinder you in working with our clientele? (3) What will be your biggest challenge in forming trusting relationships with clients who are culturally different from you?

Describe your go-to meal from any restaurant that you regularly go to. Include the name of the restaurant in your description.
What specific substitutions would you make to this meal to make it healthier? Explain. Include science references to support your claims that these substitutions are healthier than the original meal.
Would you feel comfortable asking your server to make these substitutions for you? Why or why not? Explain.
Use the Cleveland Clinic article and the “When Harry Met Sally” video as inspiration for this Discussion Board.Please review the Discussion Board Grading Criteria on the Course Information Page.
*My Favorite restaurant Longhorn* I always get Salmon, Sweet potato, Brocoil

Best Practice Standards: Does Accreditation Matter? [WLO: 1] [CLO: 2]
An increasing number of nonprofit organizations are seeking accreditation from an outside source to demonstrate best practices to their stakeholders. For this discussion forum, you will discuss the importance of accreditation.
Prior to beginning work on this discussion forum,
Read Chapter 6 of the textbook.
Read Examining How Accreditation Standards May Drive Quality Improvement and Accountability in Nonprofit Studies Educational Programs Links to an external site..
In your initial discussion forum po