Category: Psychology homework help

Discuss briefly the following:
1. Spanking:
Do you agree with spanking as a form of punishment? Why or why not?
What limitations should be put on spanking?
When does spanking become abuse?
Why is it okay to physically touch a child to “teach” them a lesson, but completely unacceptable for an employer to do the same in the workplace?
2. How do you think kids learn pro-social behaviors at home? How do they learn anti-social behaviors? Has moral development been on the decline in recent years, or is it just overplayed in the media/social media?
3. How can we be better at supporting, accepting, and celebrating all types of families? Talk about trends you see in family/parenting structures. How do these effect the family unit in the United States and how can diversity in families provide benefits to both indiviuals and society?
4. How prevalent are gender stereotypes? What ones have you had to deal with?

This week, you will continue to populate the Psychology Theories Template and add Motivation Theories to your chart. As you continue populating your template, consider the following:
Identify who or what contributed to the development of the theory. Were there key researchers or seminal research that led to the theory?
Record whether the theory emphasizes nature (biology), nurture (environment), or both.
List the primary characteristics or features of the theory (its key tenets and concepts). Be sure to include if a particular period of life is emphasized.
List the noteworthy strengths and weaknesses of the theory.
(Optional) Include any notes that you find helpful in understanding and applying the theory, such as potential contemporary themes or fields of research in which the theory could be applied.

Navigate to this Web site, and take the free test to learn more about your personality type. Discuss the following:
Discuss your strengths and weaknesses as indicated by the test.
Design a plan for self-improvement (or self-management) in a work environment.
Explain how you will implement that plan and benefit from the implementation of it.
NOTE: This assignment has to do with you as a leader (not as a manager). Focus on your leadership style, and think about what your personal qualities indicate about you as a leader.

Explain what S data, I data, L data, and B data are, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each type of data. (You should have at least 3-4 sentences for each type of data.
Let’s say you want to answer the following question: Do people who create more than 5 TikTok videos a day more often show greater signs of certain traits, such as narcissism, creativity, intelligence, etc.? How would the different types of data discussed in Chapter 2 of your book: S data, I data, L data, and B data be used to determine the answer to that question. Explain how you would use each type of data to answer that question.
What is the difference between between reliability and validity in terms of research.
A lot of psychology research is done on college students. Why could this be considered a problem for the generalizability of the research findings?
What are the differences between the case method, experimental method, and correlational method?
Funder, David C. (2019). The Personality Puzzle (8th ed.). W.W. Norton and Company. ISBN-13: 978-0393421781, ISBN-10: 0393421783
ANSWER
**S Data (Self-Report Data):**
– **Advantages:** S data is collected directly from individuals through self-report measures such as questionnaires or interviews. It is valuable for capturing an individual’s subjective experiences, thoughts, feelings, and perceptions. S data can provide insights into an individual’s self-concept and inner world, making it useful for understanding their perspective.
– **Disadvantages:** S data is susceptible to biases and inaccuracies because individuals may provide socially desirable or exaggerated responses. It relies on individuals’ self-awareness and willingness to disclose information, which may be limited or biased.
**I Data (Informant Report Data):**
– **Advantages:** I data is gathered from informants who are familiar with the individual, such as friends, family members, or colleagues. It can provide an external perspective on an individual’s behavior and characteristics. Informants may offer valuable insights that the individual may not be aware of or may not disclose.
– **Disadvantages:** I data can be influenced by the informants’ biases, limited knowledge, or personal agendas. The accuracy of I data depends on the informants’ ability to observe and report accurately, and their relationship with the individual being assessed.
**L Data (Life Outcome Data):**
– **Advantages:** L data involve objective, verifiable information about an individual’s life outcomes, such as academic achievements, job performance, or criminal records. It provides concrete and real-world data, making it highly reliable and less prone to bias.
– **Disadvantages:** L data may not capture the full range of an individual’s experiences and characteristics. It can be time-consuming and costly to collect, and it may not be readily available for all aspects of an individual’s life.
**B Data (Behavioral Data):**
– **Advantages:** B data involve direct observation of an individual’s behavior in controlled or natural settings. It offers an objective and systematic approach to assessing behavior, allowing researchers to study it in context.
– **Disadvantages:** B data collection can be resource-intensive and may not always be feasible, especially for long-term or infrequent behaviors. Interpretation of behavior may be influenced by the observer’s perspective.
**Using Different Data Types for the TikTok Question:**
To answer the question about TikTok users and their traits, you could use a combination of data types:
– **S Data:** Conduct surveys or questionnaires asking TikTok users about their video creation habits, self-perceived traits (e.g., narcissism, creativity, intelligence), and motivations.
– **I Data:** Gather information from friends, family, or followers who can provide insights into the TikTok user’s behavior, traits, and their impact on others.
– **L Data:** Collect data on academic achievements, professional accomplishments, or social relationships of TikTok users to assess life outcomes.
– **B Data:** Observe and analyze the actual TikTok video creation behavior, looking for patterns, themes, and content that may indicate traits or characteristics.
**Reliability vs. Validity:**
– **Reliability:** Reliability refers to the consistency and stability of measurement. A reliable measure should yield consistent results when administered repeatedly. It assesses the extent to which the measurement is free from random error.
– **Validity:** Validity concerns the accuracy and meaningfulness of measurement. A valid measure should measure what it is intended to measure. It assesses whether the measurement accurately captures the construct or trait of interest.
**Psychology Research on College Students:**
Using college students as research participants can pose generalizability issues because they may not represent the broader population. College students often differ in terms of age, education, socioeconomic status, and life experiences from individuals in other age groups or settings. Consequently, research findings based solely on college students may not apply universally, limiting the external validity of the research. Researchers must be cautious when generalizing their findings beyond the specific population they studied.
**Differences in Research Methods:**
– **Case Method:** This involves in-depth study of a single individual or a small group of individuals. It provides rich, detailed insights into complex phenomena but may lack generalizability.
– **Experimental Method:** This method involves manipulating one or more variables to determine their effects on outcomes. It allows researchers to establish cause-and-effect relationships but may sacrifice external validity.
– **Correlational Method:** This method examines the relationships between variables without manipulation. It provides insights into associations but cannot establish causation. It is often used when experimental manipulation is not possible or ethical.

Discuss your findings from the questionnaire/assessment, and how these may change your future actions and way of thinking. Use the instructions below and the rubric to make sure you include all the required elements.

To prepare:
Review the Learning Resources this week to deepen your understanding of domestic terrorism.
Choose a recent case (within the last 2 years) that has appeared in the news media in which mass violence occurred.
Note: If you are unable to identify a recent case, you may choose one of the cases mentioned in this week’s introduction.
Conduct a literature search for information regarding the case you selected and identify 2–3 peer-reviewed articles to use.
Post the following:
Describe the case you selected.
Based on your research, explain whether the case you selected is an example of domestic terrorism. Support your explanation with evidence.
Explain the sociological impact of domestic terrorism in general. Use the Learning Resources and/or your personal research to support your explanation.
Explain the specific sociological impact of the case you selected. Address its impact on the victims and the community involved. Use the Learning Resources and/or your personal research to support your explanation.
Note: Your post should be substantial (1 paragraph or more for each bullet point above), supported with scholarly evidence from your research and/or the Learning Resources, and properly cited using APA style.

ANSWER
Case Selected: Buffalo supermarket shooting, May 14, 2022

Description of the Case:

On May 14, 2022, Payton Gendron, a white supremacist, opened fire with a semi-automatic rifle at a Tops Friendly Markets grocery store in Buffalo, New York. He killed 10 people and injured three others. The victims were all black people, and Gendron said he targeted the store because it was in a predominantly black neighborhood.

Is This Domestic Terrorism?

Yes, the Buffalo supermarket shooting is an example of domestic terrorism. Domestic terrorism is defined as “the unlawful use of, or threatened use of, violence or force against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives.”

The Buffalo supermarket shooting meets all of the criteria for domestic terrorism. It was an unlawful use of violence against people to intimidate and coerce a segment of the population (black people) in furtherance of political and social objectives (white supremacy).

Sociological Impact of Domestic Terrorism

Domestic terrorism has a significant sociological impact on both the victims and the community at large. Victims of domestic terrorism may experience physical and emotional trauma, as well as financial hardship. They may also feel isolated and fearful.

Domestic terrorism can also have a negative impact on the community as a whole. It can lead to increased fear and mistrust, and it can damage social cohesion. Domestic terrorism can also have a negative impact on the economy and on tourism.

Sociological Impact of the Buffalo Supermarket Shooting

The Buffalo supermarket shooting had a devastating impact on the victims and the community. The victims were all beloved members of the community, and their deaths left a hole in the hearts of many. The shooting also led to increased fear and mistrust in the community, and it damaged social cohesion.

The Buffalo supermarket shooting also had a negative impact on the economy. The store was closed for several weeks after the shooting, and this caused financial hardship for the employees and the customers. The shooting also had a negative impact on tourism in Buffalo.

Conclusion

Domestic terrorism is a serious problem with a significant sociological impact. The Buffalo supermarket shooting is just one example of the many domestic terrorist attacks that have occurred in recent years. It is important to understand the root causes of domestic terrorism and to develop effective ways to prevent it.

Sources
books.google.com/books?id=hlYZAAAAMAAJ
books.google.com/books?id=hqhNNTf9tNoC

Anemia and clotting disorders are common features of alcoholic liver disease. What are the mechanisms that cause these hematologic disorders?

ANSWER
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) can cause a variety of hematologic disorders, including anemia and clotting disorders. The mechanisms that cause these hematologic disorders are complex and not fully understood. However, some of the key mechanisms include:

* **Damage to the liver:** The liver is responsible for producing blood cells. When the liver is damaged by alcohol, it can lead to a decrease in the production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
* **Decreased absorption of nutrients:** Alcohol can damage the lining of the stomach and intestines, which can lead to decreased absorption of nutrients that are essential for blood cell production.
* **Increased destruction of blood cells:** Alcohol can damage the bone marrow, where blood cells are produced. This can lead to increased destruction of blood cells.
* **Vitamin deficiencies:** Alcohol can interfere with the absorption of vitamins B12 and folate, which are essential for blood cell production.

**Anemia**

Anemia is a condition in which the blood does not have enough healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs to the tissues of the body. When there are not enough red blood cells, the tissues do not get enough oxygen, which can lead to fatigue, shortness of breath, and other symptoms.

There are two main types of anemia that can occur in people with ALD:

* **Iron deficiency anemia:** This type of anemia occurs when the body does not have enough iron to produce red blood cells. Iron is essential for the production of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.
* **Megaloblastic anemia:** This type of anemia occurs when the bone marrow does not produce enough healthy red blood cells. Megaloblastic anemia is caused by a deficiency of vitamin B12 or folate.

**Clotting disorders**

Clotting disorders can occur in people with ALD due to a number of factors, including:

* **Damage to the liver:** The liver produces clotting factors, which are proteins that are essential for blood clotting. When the liver is damaged, it can lead to a decrease in the production of clotting factors.
* **Increased destruction of platelets:** Alcohol can damage the platelets, which are blood cells that are essential for blood clotting.
* **Vitamin K deficiency:** Vitamin K is essential for the production of clotting factors. Alcohol can interfere with the absorption of vitamin K, which can lead to a deficiency.

Clotting disorders can range from mild to severe. Mild clotting disorders may cause bruising and bleeding gums. Severe clotting disorders can cause life-threatening bleeding.

**Treatment**

The treatment of hematologic disorders in people with ALD depends on the underlying cause of the disorder. For example, if anemia is caused by iron deficiency, then iron supplements may be prescribed. If anemia is caused by vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, then vitamin supplements may be prescribed.

If clotting disorders are present, treatment may involve blood transfusions, vitamin K supplementation, or medications to prevent blood clots.

It is important to note that the best way to prevent hematologic disorders in people with ALD is to stop drinking alcohol.

**Conclusion**

Alcoholic liver disease can cause a variety of hematologic disorders, including anemia and clotting disorders. The mechanisms that cause these hematologic disorders are complex and not fully understood. However, some of the key mechanisms include damage to the liver, decreased absorption of nutrients, increased destruction of blood cells, and vitamin deficiencies.

Treatment of hematologic disorders in people with ALD depends on the underlying cause of the disorder. However, the best way to prevent hematologic disorders in people with ALD is to stop drinking alcohol.

In what ways do the typical attributions of people from collectivistic cultures differ from those of people from individualistic cultures? Why do these differences exist? Provide empirical evidence supporting your explanations.

Post key highlights and takeaways from each of the self-assessments you completed this week. Then, respond to the following questions:
What insights did you gain through this process? What did you learn about yourself as a doctoral student and forensic psychology professional through this process?
How might your increased self-awareness help you better prepare for—and navigate your way through—life as a doctoral student in forensic psychology and further your progress as a professional in the field?
Although there is no specific word count required for Discussion posts, a good initial post can typically be expressed in 200–300 words. Regardless of length, posts should be reflective, substantive, and evidence based.

Consultants must be both people-oriented and task-oriented.
Do you believe that consultants can balance both of these effectively? Why or why not?