Category: Public Health

ScenarioAs discussed in module 04, the primary functions of a research methodology section are for the researcher to justify how a study will be conducted and provide sufficient detail to prove the credibility and reliability of the data. Remember that the methodology section should be a recipe of sorts, which would enable others to replicate the steps and resources used in your proposed study. With that analogy in mind, take care to explain each step and not to omit any ingredients. In this assignment, you are to detail the methodology for your research proposal, explaining each step for how you intend to collect, analyze, and interpret data to answer your research question.
InstructionsYour methodology section will be about six to eight pages, not including the title and reference pages.
Defend a quantitative, qualitative, or mixed method strategy, using external sources to justify the choice.
Detail the steps that will need to be followed for that strategy and what will need to be considered.
Explain the plan for collecting data:
oWhat type(s) of data will be collected and how much?
oWhere will you get the data?
Describe how the data will be analyzed and interpreted.
Discuss the ethical issues that may arise during the research study and how these will be managed.

HCM515
Module 10: Discussion
Locate an article that addresses the prevalent healthcare fraud and abuse issues in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Discuss the three of the most prevalent healthcare fraud and abuse issues in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. What regulatory and governmental efforts are in place to reduce fraud and abuse?
Support your statements with logic and argument, citing any sources referenced. Post your initial response early and check back often to continue the discussion.
Embed course material concepts, principles, and theories (which require supporting citations) in your initial response along with at least one scholarly, peer-reviewed journal article. Keep in mind that these scholarly references can be found in the Saudi Digital Library by conducting an advanced search specific to scholarly references. Use Saudi Electronic University academic writing standards and APA style guidelines.
You are required to reply to at least two peer discussion questions post answers to this weekly discussion question and/or your instructor’s response to your posting. These post replies need to be substantial and constructive in nature. They should add to the content of the post and evaluate/analyze that post’s answer. Normal course dialogue doesn’t fulfill these two peer replies but is expected throughout the course.

Analyze the unique qualities of American constitutional, statutory, and common law principles in relation to healthcare administration.
Identify potential areas of liability in a variety of contexts and evaluate potential solutions to legal problems and challenges in healthcare administration and delivery.
Individually complete the memo.
Your health care organization has just learned that it is out of compliance in the problem areas listed below. You have been asked to research ONE problem and prepare an interoffice research memo that is double spaced and not more than four pages. The Memo should addressed to the Risk Manager and include the following sections with a heading in bold for each section. Use APA 7for in-text citations and references.
Use only classroom materials to complete the memo. This would include the textbooks, web links, and the Classroom law library, and Compliance library
Memo HeadingMemo To:
Memo From:
Date:
Re: (Regarding – your topic)
Brief description of the problem
State and/or federal law and agency guidelines or regulations that govern the issue including the penalty for non-compliance
Evaluate the organizational vicarious liability.
Evaluate 3 risk management tools that could be used to manage the risk. Indicate why you selected the tools you did. Identify how you would use the tool to identify, correct, and/or prevent risk in the situation you selected
Recommend a 3-step (3 action) risk management plan that includes at least one of the risk management tools you evaluated.
Give reasons to support your plan recommendations which include how the plan will mitigate, prevent, and correct the specific risk stated in your problem.
Problems (Select One)
There was a drug and dose mix-up in the hospital last week. A pharmacist employee put the incorrect medication in the patient cart and mixed up the dose from weekly to daily. This resulted in an overdose of the incorrect medication leading to patient death. The family has filed a wrongful death lawsuit against the pharmacist and the hospital.
An employed physician was on staff in the emergency room last week. He failed to diagnose a kidney stone. The patient returned to the emergency room two days later when a kidney stone and abdominal infection were diagnosed. The delay in treatment left the patient with double the medical bill. The patient is suing the physician and hospital for the cost of care from the delayed diagnosis.
The infants in the newborn well-baby nursery of your hospital all have infections. The infections have been tracked back to poor sanitation of the basinets between babies and cleaning staff playing with the babies at night after cleaning dirty equipment. 3 of the parents are suing the hospital for the illness and extended hospitalization costs for their infants.
The Certified Nurse Assistants (CNA) in your hospital have been on mandatory overtime for a month because of the high patient load. Their supervisor told them they must work overtime, but the payroll clerk is refusing to pay out so much overtime. The CNAs are suing the hospital under the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) for overtime pay.
An employee has taken a leave under the Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA) for cancer treatment which was documented as a disability under the ADA and ADAAA. The employee did not return to work on the day scheduled and was terminated. The former worker has filed a claim of disability discrimination with the EEOC and a “mediation conference” is scheduled for next week to discuss the claim.
A black female nurse employee has applied to be a Nurse Manager 3 times, but has not been hired for the position. Every time a white male with less experience has been hired for the position. The nurse feels that she has been discriminated against and wants to file an EEOC race and gender discrimination claim.
The union has organized all of the cleaning staff who voted for Union #222 to represent them in bargaining with the hospital. The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) has certified the union, but hospital management refuse to bargain with the union. The union has filed an unfair labor practice claim with the NLRB.

Unintentional Injuries
“Unintentional injuries are a public health challenge around the world causing physical, psychological, and economic implications to families and society. Globally the leading cause of unintentional injury worldwide is road traffic accidents, followed by falls, drowning, burns, poisoning, and others” (Reddy et. al., 2021). There are a number of factors within the environment that may contribute to an increased incidence of unintentional injury within populations. For example, unwanted sound or noise is common within many occupational settings (e.g., airline ground baggage staff, racecar drivers, miners, etc.). Personal protective equipment (PPE) is often utilized to prevent hearing loss among these workers. Non-compliance with mandated usage and/or defects within protective equipment can expose an individual to the will of an environment. Increased exposure to environmental factors may to increase the overall prevalence/incidence of morbidity and/or mortality within a population.
Using textbooks and/or the internet, review the hierarchy of control established by The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Next, visit the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s website which details the leading causes of death for individuals age 1 – 64 years of age in the United States. There you will find unintentional injury as a cause of death for each age group.
Select a specific age group and choose the top cause of unintentional injury within the age range.
In a paragraph, define the problem associated with specific untended injury of choice.
Briefly discuss at least two environmental risk factors that may contribute to increased levels of the unintentional injury within the population selected.
Weigh specific preventative strategies (i.e., engineering controls, administrative controls, and/or PPE) designed to reduce risk within the population.
Briefly formulate a method that could be used to ensure widespread adoption of preventative strategies by the population.
Reference:Reddy B, V., Pundhir, A., & Gupta, A. (2021). Unintentional injury and its determinants among adolescents. Journal of public health research,
10(4), 2359. https://doi.org/10.4081/jphr.2021.2359
Evaluation Criteria:
Defined the problem associated with specific unintended injury within a population.
Discussed at least two environmental risk factors that may contribute to increased levels of the unintentional injury within the population selected.
Weighed specific preventative strategies (i.e., engineering controls, administrative controls, and/or PPE) designed to reduce risk within the population.
Formulated a method that could be used to ensure widespread adoption of preventative strategies by the population.
Responded to at least two classmates with information that adds additional dimension (i.e., new or additional details about subject) to the weekly discussion.
Referenced supporting literature and information provided by credible resources.
Utilized appropriate writing mechanics (spelling, grammar, APA citation style) and information literacy.

NEDAA ALDAIRI
Accounting Functions
COLLAPSE
Two methods of accounting are well-known in the field of health services; cash-based accounting and accrual-based accounting. The main difference is the timing of cash flow, and each method has advantages and disadvantages. Generally, those methods help evaluating the performance of business, ensure statuary compliance like liability, taxes, and pension, create budget and future projections, and they are the basis to formulate a financial statement (Weygandt et al., 2015).
Cash based accounting records revenues and expenses when the cash flows irrespective of the timing of actual transaction. It is suitable for small organizations rather than bigger ones as the capital is somewhat limited and cash flow is necessary to maintain operations. On the contrary, accrual accounting records the transaction in financial statements at its actual timing. This method of accounting helps an organization to obtain an accurate image of number of transactions that may happen in a given time frame, e.g. quarterly or fiscal year. However, balanced time-limited financials won’t accurately account for the revenues and accordingly, performance might be relatively vague. “Medical Practice Management Report” may be used to measure performance of a health practice statistics for evaluations against benchmarks (George Washington University’s Online Healthcare MBA, 2021).
Operational oversight is remarkably affected by the implemented accounting method. Accounting function is essential to maintain the stability of financial status and requirement within the institute while inflow and outflow must be in balance to sustain the operations. For example, as most small health businesses use cash-based accounting, the cash flow may be insufficient at some point if the payers are delayed, and the revenues in financial statement will be off compared to expenses. A wise course of action is prioritizing the due expenses or adjust the timing. In accrual method, statements reflect transactions rather than cash flow. Although this might not be impactful on day-by-day operations, it may be confusing to evaluate the actual inflow and outflow of certain procedure or employee.
1. Weygandt, J. J., Kimmel, P. D., & Kieso, D. E. (2015). Accounting Principles. John Wiley & Sons.
2. George Washington University’s Online Healthcare MBA. (2021, December 14). Accounting in Health Care: What You Need to Know. George Washington University. https://healthcaremba.gwu.edu/blog/accounting-in-h…
this is was qoustion
There are a number of unique factors relating to the health services sector:
Compare the two types of accounting functions.
Describe how the accounting functions affect operational oversight.
How do these unique features affect the financial management of the sector?

Digital Health Technologies in KSA
Evaluate the use of digital health technologies in Saudi Arabia that would support expanding patient access to medical care by researching a minimum of four peer-reviewed articles on this topic and then creating a brochure or infographic using appropriate templates available online. Discuss how these information technology innovations can benefit the Saudi population and how they align with the MOH strategic plans. What barriers or challenges prevent the adoption of these technologies, and what would you recommend to remove those barriers or challenges? Demonstrate how this recommendation will increase patient access to care and support the achievement of Saudi Vision 2030.
Elements to be explained:
Digital health expanding access to medical care
Information technology innovation benefits
Barriers and challenges to adoption
Recommendations to remove barriers and challenges
Achieving Saudi Vision 2030
Conclusion summary
Create a brochure or infographic using appropriate templates available online that the Ministry of Health could use to support Saudi healthcare organizations in their adoption of Telehealth to provide greater access to healthcare services for their patients.
Your brochure should meet the following structural requirements:
A two-page brochure that includes all the elements detailed above.
Follow APA 7th edition writing standards.
Be sure to cite any statistics or other information as appropriate.
Review this video for an overview of how to create infographics:
How to Create and Animate Infographics in PowerPoint (Part 1)

For this assignment, you will write a one- to two-page paper in APA Style format with at least two references detailing and outlining the role of an ethically sound Institutional Review Board (IRB) at Anywhere Medical Clinic. How would an ethical IRB and researchers who followed IRB protocols protect ill-informed and nonconsenting participants like those who were part of the Tuskegee Experiment? Refer to this week’s additional resources and explore https://www.cdc.gov/tuskegee/timeline.htm
for information on the Tuskegee Experiment.

There are a number of unique factors relating to the health services sector:
Compare the two types of accounting functions.
Describe how the accounting functions affect operational oversight.
How do these unique features affect the financial management of the sector?
Embed course material concepts, principles, and theories (which require supporting citations) in your initial response along with at least 3 scholarly, peer-reviewed journal article. Keep in mind that these scholarly references can be found in the Saudi Digital Library by conducting an advanced search specific to scholarly references. Use Saudi Electronic University academic writing standards and APA style guidelines.
You are required to make your initial post (create thread) in order to see others posts and make comments. You are required to reply to at least two peer discussion question post answers to this weekly discussion question and/or your instructor’s response to your posting. These post replies need to be substantial and constructive in nature. They should add to the content of the post and evaluate/analyze that post’s answer. Normal course dialogue doesn’t fulfill these two peer replies but is expected throughout the course. Answering all course questions is also required.

Please listen to

or

And add your replies to the following questions.
1) The podcast suggests revenue cycle payment models. Please list and describe one idea from the podcast and do you believe it will work.
Why are hospitals interested in development new payment models.
2) What comments were offered (please list two) about competition and patient choice in their care?
3) What was discussed about the implementation of price transparency? (Or what employee improvement ideas were offered?)

Health insurance fraud is a problem globally, and Saudi Arabia is not
immune. Assume you have been tasked with presenting this problem to
your healthcare organization so employees can act appropriately when
processing health insurance claims. Be sure to address: Actions that would be considered fraudulent; Key indicators that fraud is present; The impact of fraud on the medical community, health insurance companies, and Saudi Arabia; and
How to report health insurance fraud and penalties for those that participate in such behavior.
Your presentation should meet the following structural requirements:
Be organized, using professional themes and transitions.
Consist of 8 slides, plus the title and reference slides.
Each
slide must provide detailed speaker’s notes—a minimum of 100 words.
Notes must draw from and cite relevant reference materials. Provide
support for your statements on the presentation slides, as well as in
the speaker’s notes, with in-text citations from a minimum of 6
scholarly articles. 3 of these sources may be from the class readings,
textbook, or lectures, but the others must be external. Follow APA writing standards.