Category: Public Health

Case Study: Creating a culture of safety in response to an adverse event in healthcare (125 points)
For this assignment, you will access the Saudi Digital Library to research a specific case of an adverse event that occurred in healthcare. Using the case that you have identified, you will write a research paper exploring the impact and importance of creating a safety culture in healthcare organizations. Your research paper shall:
Describe the adverse event that you selected as your case study. Include details of the patient outcome and the contributing factors involved in the adverse event.
Evaluate the impact and importance of creating a patient safety culture in healthcare organizations.
Create an improvement plan to address the issues that were identified in your adverse event case. Your plan shall include analysis of best practices in safety culture.
Your well-written paper should meet the following requirements:
Four-to-five pages in length, not including the title or reference pages.
Formatted per APA 7th edition and Saudi Electronic University standards.
Provide support for your work with in-text citations from a minimum of four scholarly articles. Two of these sources may be from the class readings, textbook, or lectures, but two must be external. The Saudi Digital Library is a good place to find these references.
Provide full APA references for the sources used on a reference page, along with appropriate in-text citations.
Utilize headings to organize the content in your work.

1- The first page of the answer should only contain your name and the course title (Public Health)
2- Re-write the question(s) above the answer(s).
3- The answer of each question should not exceed 750 words in length (excluding references if any).
4- The format of writing should be: 12-font size, times-New-Roman style and 1.5 spacing. Do not use colors in your writing.
5- Avoid plagiarism
Answer the following two questions:
1) Write a short essay about the challenges that may influence the implantation of public health programs in the community. How such challenges be minimized. Give examples.
2) It has been argued that a “Health Education Campaign” is one of the strategies that could be used to change the behavior of the public towards some health issues. Discuss in details. In your discussion, give some examples from the Saudi context to support your arguments.

The first publish will include:
Cover pageMust have: Title, your name, your practicum site, the specific audience for the analysis, and your word count.
The title must reference both the problem and the criteria for analysis.Examples are here.
The body of the analysis (850-1000 words) with the following subtitles:Background (subtitle)
Description of the broad problem
Description of current and previous efforts to address the problem
Scope (subtitle)Assessment of previous policy efforts
Significance of the problem
Why the need for analysis
Problem Statement (subtitle)Specific definition of the problem that will be analyzed in the paper
Describe the major stakeholders (Primary, Secondary, and Key)
Objectives and goals of solutions
Criteria to be used for recommendation
Analysis of Alternatives (subtitle)Description of three potential solutions
Compare possible outcomes, constraints, and feasibility of each
Policy Recommendations (subtitle)Choose one of the three options.
Describe why the chosen alternative is preferred based on the specific criteria from Problem Statement
Discuss potential implementation challenges or possible unwanted outcomes
References (subtitle, separate page)At least six sources, at least three must be academic. No sources older than 10 years.
Academic, journalistic, and original data collection are all possible
Must be in APA 7 format!
Remember!
Use the Policy Analysis Resources page.
All sections above should be double-spaced
The entire paper must be formatted in APA 7th edition.
Submit to Canvas before the due date and time.
Use this format for naming your paper before uploading: FirstName-LastName-Assignment-Quarter.docx

The Saudi Vision 2030’s Health Sector Transformation Program aims to raise healthcare quality in Saudi Arabia. The initiative has improved healthcare quality in several ways, such as by developing telemedicine services. This paper will discuss two healthcare quality improvements made possible by the Health Sector Transformation Program, how essential objective two applies to a current or former work environment, how to assess a quality improvement effort, and ideas for quality improvement projects.
The healthcare quality improvements achieved under the Health Sector Transformation Program:
Implementing electronic health records is the first improvement in healthcare quality achieved under the Health Sector Transformation initiative in Saudi Vision 2030. In 2019, the Saudi Ministry of Health established the National Health Information Center to create and implement an EHR system (Hazazi, & Wilson, 2021). The EHR system enhanced patient safety by facilitating the efficient sharing of patient information among healthcare providers. It has also improved the standard of healthcare service by recording patient data in a timely and accurate manner, allowing for better coordination of care among healthcare providers. Metrics such as medication error reduction, better patient outcomes, and increased patient satisfaction have been used to assess the efficacy of EHRs in improving healthcare quality (Al Nemari, & Waterson, 2022). The second improvement in healthcare quality achieved under the Health Sector Transformation program is implementing a patient-centered approach to healthcare delivery. The Saudi Ministry of Health has adopted several patient-centered initiatives, including the Patient Experience Program, which aims to improve the patient experience by involving patients in their care and empowering them to make informed choices (Mohiuddin, et al., 2021). This strategy improved healthcare quality by prioritizing patient needs and preferences, resulting in higher patient satisfaction and better health outcomes. Metrics such as patient satisfaction, better health outcomes, and lower healthcare costs have been used to assess the effectiveness of patient-centered care in improving healthcare quality (Rowe & Knox, 2022).
How key objective two applies to the work setting.
As a healthcare worker, I used to work in a hospital where the top goal was to improve the standard and efficiency of health services. Implementing a medication reconciliation scheme was one of my quality improvement projects. The program ensured that precise medication information was gathered and recorded for each patient to lower medication errors. Several departments, including pharmacy, nursing, and medical staff, had to work together to implement the initiative successfully. Creating a standardized medication reconciliation procedure that was simple to duplicate and scalable was one of the program’s significant aspects (Trinh, 2022). The program’s requirement that all medical professionals understand the significance of drug reconciliation and the proper implementation methods presented one of its most complex challenges. One quality improvement project that I can suggest to the supervisor
I would recommend a patient safety reporting system to my supervisor to enhance the quality of care. Employees could discreetly report incidents, near-misses, and unsafe conditions through this system. The significance of this improvement lies in its potential to foster an environment where mistakes are seen as learning chances and safety is prioritized above all else. To gauge progress, tabs will be kept on everything from the kinds of reports received to the number of actions taken in response to them.
Conclusion Several advances in healthcare quality have been made thanks to the Health Sector Transformation Program in Saudi Vision 2030. These advances include introducing computerized health records and implementing a patient-centered approach to healthcare delivery. Key Objective two stresses the significance of effectively providing healthcare to patients. Key Objective two is relevant to my present position because of the emphasis on providing timely and effective healthcare services of the highest possible quality.
References
Al Nemari, M., & Waterson, J. (2022). The Introduction of Robotics to an Outpatient Dispensing and Medication Management Process in Saudi Arabia: Retrospective Review of a Pharmacy-led Multidisciplinary Six Sigma Performance Improvement Project. JMIR Human Factors, 9(4), e37905. Hazazi, A., & Wilson, A. (2021). Leveraging electronic health records to improve management of noncommunicable diseases at primary healthcare centres in Saudi Arabia: a qualitative study. BMC Family Practice, 22(1), 106.
Mohiuddin, S. I., Thorakkattil, S. A., Abushoumi, F., Nemr, H. S., Jabbour, R., & Al-Ghamdi, F. (2021). Implementation of pharmacist-led tele medication management clinic in ambulatory care settings: A patient-centered care model in COVID-19 Era. Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy, 4, 100083.
Rowe, A., & Knox, M. (2022). The Impact of the Healthcare Environment on Patient Experience in the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review to Understand the Implications for Patient-Centered Design. HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal, 19375867221137097.
Trinh, M. (2022). Evaluation of an Educational Presentation on Improving Nursing Students’ Knowledge About Medication Reconciliation.
this is was question Key objective 2 in the Health Sector Transformation Program within Saudi Vision 2030 is improving the quality and efficiency of health services. Discuss two healthcare quality improvements that have been achieved under the Health Sector Transformation program. Be sure to reference how these improvements were measured.
Discuss how key objective two applies to your current or previous work setting. Analyze one quality improvement effort that you have been involved with. Include what was successful and what was challenging. Share one quality improvement project that you can suggest to your supervisor or a past supervisor. Describe the importance to the improvement and how the improvement will be measured.

The healthcare system in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a mix of public and private services. The public sector is managed by the Ministry of Health (MOH) and is responsible for providing free primary health care services to all citizens. Private sector healthcare is provided by hospitals and clinics run by private companies. The private sector in Saudi Arabia is well-developed, with major players such as Alahmadi Hospital and Saudi German Hospital. These hospitals offer specialized medical services such as cardiac care, orthopedics, and oncology that are not available in the public sector. In addition to the public and private sectors, Saudi Arabia also has a number of international healthcare providers, such as King Fahad Medical City, which provides specialized medical services to patients from all over the world (Al-Naimi et al., 2020). . The Saudi healthcare system is constantly evolving and expanding, with new initiatives such as telemedicine and digital health. The government is also investing heavily in research and development in the healthcare sector, with the aim of becoming a leader in the health care industry.
King Abdullah Medical City
KAMC is a public hospital owned by the government of Saudi Arabia. The hospital provides primary and secondary healthcare services and specialist and tertiary services for patients. KAMC also provides training for doctors, nurses and other healthcare personnel. The government funds the hospital, and the services are free for citizens of the Kingdom. KAMC strongly emphasizes patient safety and quality of care and employs modern technologies to improve patient outcomes.
Alahmadi Hospital
Alahmadi Hospital is a leading private hospital in Saudi Arabia, located in Al Khobar. It offers a wide range of medical services, including general medicine, cardiovascular care, trauma care, surgery, and obstetrics and gynecology. The hospital has state-of-the-art facilities, including an advanced operating theatre, modern intensive care units, and a dedicated emergency department. The hospital also provides specialized services, such as pediatric care, and also offers a range of preventive health care services. In addition, the hospital has a comprehensive range of diagnostic and treatment services, such as imaging, pathology, and radiology.
Similarities and Differences between Alahmadi Hospital and King Abdullah Medical City
Both Alahmadi Hospital and King Abdullah Medical City have advanced operating theatres, intensive care units, and emergency departments. Furthermore, both hospitals have a comprehensive range of diagnostic and treatment services, such as imaging, pathology, and radiology.
The main difference between the two hospitals is that Alahmadi Hospital is privately owned, while King Abdullah Medical City is a public institution. As a result, Alahmadi Hospital is able to provide more specialized services, such as pediatric care, due to the larger financial resources available. In addition, Alahmadi Hospital is able to offer more sophisticated technologies and equipment than KAMC.
Differences in How Law Influences Them
The law has a significant influence on the functioning of both Alahmadi Hospital and King Abdullah Medical City. For example, both hospitals must adhere to the same safety regulations and medical standards. However, because Alahmadi Hospital is a private institution, it has more freedom when it comes to hiring and firing staff, setting prices for services, and entering into contractual agreements with suppliers. On the other hand, KAMC, as a public hospital, is subject to the laws and regulations of the Saudi government, which can have a significant impact on its operations and overall functioning. The law impacts how these two facilities operate in a number of ways. For example, the Saudi government has implemented laws that govern the provision of healthcare services in the Kingdom. These laws ensure that public hospitals provide quality healthcare services to citizens and that private hospitals adhere to certain standards of care.
References
Al-Naimi, A. H., Al-Mutairi, N. A., & Sachdev, P. S. (2020). Health care system in Saudi Arabia. Saudi medical journal, 41(1), 124-128.
Rahman, R., & Alsharqi, O. Z. (2019). What drove the health system reforms in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia? An analysis. The International journal of health planning and management, 34(1), 100-110.

The impact of teamwork and collaboration in healthcare field? Has the industry been successful in improving? Give examples.

Financial management in any sector include the managing of regular monetary activities including contract negotiations, cash availability for expenses like payroll, and emergency fund maintenance. Financial management at the executive level entails sharing data with the other members of the leadership team so that they may formulate long-term strategies. Large medical clinics and hospitals, for instance, may elect to purchase more machinery in order to provide additional diagnostics and therapeutic options to their patients. Financial management include both contributing to the decision-making process and determining the most cost-effective means of implementing it (Brumley, 2019).
Two types of accounting functions:
Financial Accounting: The financial accounting department is responsible for keeping track of business transactions and transforming that data into financial reports. Financial statement preparation and disclosures are its bread and butter. Investors, creditors, and lenders from the outside world stand to gain the most (Accounting Tools, 2022).
Management Accounting: The management accounting team analyzes the company’s financial and operational data to find ways to boost the company’s profitability and standing. They can also provide guidance to management on pricing issues. The top leadership directly benefits from them. Cost analysis initiatives may include this team across the company (Accounting Tools, 2022).
Describe how the accounting functions affect operational oversight:
Inputs and outputs, or inputs and outputs, respectively, are the focus of efficiency assessment. Several of the facets of this difficulty may be measured and managed with the help of the tools and procedures provided by management accounting. Because cost information underpins decisions on resource allocation and effectiveness at system and organizational levels for providers, purchasers, and regulators worldwide, cost analysis and management have come under increased scrutiny in response to rising health care costs brought on by population growth, demographic shifts, and advances in medical technology. The breadth and type of cost accounting are profoundly affected by the unique characteristics of health care as an industry (Huang, 2019).
First, health care is a highly regulated industry in most countries, and this regulation has a direct influence on costing definitions, including the calculation itself and related notions like the sort of cost object that becomes the subject of study.
A second way in which the unique characteristics of healthcare influence cost accounting is through the necessity of tailoring treatments to individual patients (Huang, 2019).
A third, reducing healthcare waste while retaining quality has a third benefit. This maximizes returns on investment. National and regional governments, regulators, health care organizations, insurers, providers, consumers, and the public now want costing data. As users are varied, it may be difficult to customize calculations (Huang, 2019).
How do these unique features affect the financial management of the sector?
Risk mitigation and resource allocation are the fundamental responsibilities of financial management in healthcare organizations. While all healthcare providers depend on a well-oiled administrative machine, the specifics of that machine will differ from one facility to the next. A company’s financial well-being is affected by a number of variables, and most will be able to enhance its procedures and systems (Binarystream, 2020).
By bolstering both service coverage and financial security, health finance is a vital component of health systems that can facilitate advancements toward universal health care. Millions of individuals today cannot afford to receive care. Even when they have to pay out of pocket, many people still get subpar care. Health funding strategies that are both well-thought-out and implemented can go a long way toward solving these problems. Care coordination and quality may be incentivized through contracting and payment arrangements, while timely and appropriate flow of cash to providers can assure sufficient personnel and medications (World Health Organization, 2021).
New regulations, technological progress, and the rising expense of providing efficient and effective treatment are just some of the difficulties facing the healthcare business today. In order to maintain its financial viability, healthcare administration must actively seek out and handle these issues. The same may be done if attention is paid to key cost determinants and steps are taken to uncover opportunities for cost reduction. Employment possibilities in the healthcare sector remain robust in many countries (Prakash Gupta, 2021).
References
Accounting Tools. (2022). Types of accounting functions. AccountingTools. https://www.accountingtools.com/articles/types-of-…
Binarystream. (2020). The complete guide to financial management in healthcare. Knowledge.binarystream.com. https://knowledge.binarystream.com/the-complete-gu…
Brumley, S. (2019). Role of Financial Management in Health Care. Chron.com. https://smallbusiness.chron.com/role-financial-man…
Huang, W. (2019). Service and Oversight Functions of Accounting. Built on Value, 329–346. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7507-1_12
Prakash Gupta, S. (2021). UNDERSTANDING THE IMPORTANCE OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN HEALTHCARE ORGANIZATIONS IN INDIA. International Journal of Advanced Research in Commerce, 83(04), 83–86. https://www.inspirajournals.com/uploads/Issues/415…
515 s
This is was qoustion
There are a number of unique factors relating to the health services sector:
Compare the two types of accounting functions.
Describe how the accounting functions affect operational oversight.
How do these unique features affect the financial management of the sector?

Policy and Supply and Demand (125 Points)
Various programs to increase employment in the healthcare sector have recently been introduced in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. As a result, an increasing number of foreigners have been provided with the opportunity work in the Kingdom. Studies show that 30% of the workforce in Saudi Arabia consists of expatriates (expats), or individuals from other countries who reside in the Kingdom.
Assuming the role of Director of Human Resources, you have been tasked with filling a number of open positions in your hospital. One strategy you are considering is to recruit expats. There are national policies and procedures that employers must follow before recruiting for and hiring expats. Create a PowerPoint presentation for your facility’s Board of Directors with the following heading items in your submission:
Identify and describe an open position that needs to be filled. Rationalize the need for this position.
Explain national policies that restrict expat employment in the Kingdom. Describe how to “sell” the strategy of recruiting and hiring expats to the Board of Directors.
Conclusion.
Your presentation should meet the following structural requirements:
Be 7-8 slides in length, not including the cover or reference slides.
Be formatted according to APA and Saudi Electronic University writing guidelines.
Provide support for your statements with citations from a minimum of four scholarly articles. These citations should be stated in the Notes section of the slide in which they appear. Two of these sources may be from the class readings, textbook, or lectures, but four must be external.
Presentation notes are required for each slide to support the slide content. These must be a part of the presentation, and so the presentation cannot be submitted in PDF format, which does not make notes visible to the instructor. About 150 words on each slide in the presentation notes area will suffice.
Utilize headings to organize the content in your presentation.

Public Health Surveillance System
Given the CDC’s definition of public health surveillance as “ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of health‐related data,” Describe National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) based on the following 5 sections (each section should be around 200 words)
1. Issues in health care/public health & significance of the system
2. Scope and objective(s)
3. Data sources, measures, and collection efforts
4. Analysis & interpretation – including examples/cases of using the collected data
5. Strengths and limitations of current implementation.
Sources to use will be attached. only use the attached sources no outside source or any ChatGbt use.

Heart disease is the #1 killer of men and women in the US, but many cases are preventable. There are important steps you can take to lower your risk.
This interactive tool estimates your risk of coronary heart disease and provides personalized tips for prevention. Anyone can use it, but it’s most accurate for people who have never had any type of heart disease. If you have heart disease, be sure to talk to your doctor about your risk.
To estimate your risk of heart disease and learn about ways to lower that risk, take a few minutes to answer some questions about your health, background, and lifestyle. Your Disease Risk can’t tell if you’ll get heart disease or not, but it can tell you where to focus your prevention efforts—because the best way to fight heart disease is to stop it before it starts!
1. Take the assessment by clicking on the link below.
Personalized Health Risk AssessmentLinks to an external site.
2. When you are given “Your Result”, screenshot the page and submit as a PDF. (5 points)
3. On the top of the page with your result, select the drop-down for “Health Condition”, on the bottom of that list select “Prevention”. That page lists 5 ways to reduce your risk of heart disease and the percentage risk lowered by each activity. List the 5 ways under each percentage and submit as a PDF. (5 points)
Links to an external site.